--- title: Identify the principal distinction between a sporting rival and a bu… — Rival teams and the older bully · tree and pragmatics description: Identify the principal distinction between a sporting rival and a bully. Exam question 1 of lesson 472 «Rival teams and the older bully» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/472-rival-teams-and-the-older-bully/e1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Everyday](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/) / [Rival teams and the older bully](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/472-rival-teams-and-the-older-bully/) / e1 # Exam question 1 · Rival teams and the older bully Identify the principal distinction between a sporting rival and a bully. **Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** you · **What happens:** identify, sport · **To what, where:** principal distinction This is exam question 1 of lesson 472 «Rival teams and the older bully» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/472-rival-teams-and-the-older-bully/#e1). ## The question {#question} ```conllu # sent_id = question:everyday:472-rival-teams-and-the-older-bully:e1:1 # text = Identify the principal distinction between a sporting rival and a bully. 1 Identify identify VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 3 principal principal ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 amod _ _ 4 distinction distinction NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 obj _ _ 5 between between ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 6 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 7 sporting sport VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 8 amod _ _ 8 rival rival NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nmod _ _ 9 and and CCONJ CC _ 11 cc _ _ 10 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 bully bully NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 12 . . PUNCT . _ 1 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principal distinction | | | | between a sporting rival and a bully | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent distinction=Theme | | 2 | **sport** | gerund | | | | | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1} The former competes fairly, whereas the latter persistently intimidates ```conllu # sent_id = question:everyday:472-rival-teams-and-the-older-bully:e1:o1:1 # text = The former competes fairly, whereas the latter persistently intimidates 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 former former ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 nsubj _ _ 3 competes compete VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 fairly fairly ADV RB _ 3 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 5 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 6 whereas whereas SCONJ IN _ 10 mark _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 latter latte ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 10 advmod _ _ 9 persistently persistently ADV RB _ 10 advmod _ _ 10 intimidates intimidate VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **compete** | present | the former | | | | | fairly *property* | vn battle-36.4 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **intimidate** | present | the former *not said here* | | | | | latte, persistently *property* | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | ### Option 2 {#o2} The former is invariably older than the latter ```conllu # sent_id = question:everyday:472-rival-teams-and-the-older-bully:e1:o2:1 # text = The former is invariably older than the latter 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 former former ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 nsubj _ _ 3 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 cop _ _ 4 invariably invariably ADV RB _ 5 advmod _ _ 5 older old ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 0 root _ _ 6 than than ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 latter latter ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | present | the former | | | | | than the latter; invariably, old *property* | tree rules | ### Option 3 {#o3} No distinction exists between the two ```conllu # sent_id = question:everyday:472-rival-teams-and-the-older-bully:e1:o3:1 # text = No distinction exists between the two 1 No no DET DT PronType=Neg 2 det _ _ 2 distinction distinction NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 exists exist VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 between between ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 3 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **exist** | present | no distinction | | | the two | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme between two=Location | ### Option 4 {#o4} The latter is confined to sporting occasions ```conllu # sent_id = question:everyday:472-rival-teams-and-the-older-bully:e1:o4:1 # text = The latter is confined to sporting occasions 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 latter latter ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 nsubj _ _ 3 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 aux:pass _ _ 4 confined confine VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 5 to to ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 sporting sport VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 7 amod _ _ 7 occasions occasion NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **confine** | present · passive | | the latter | | sporting occasions | | | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme to occasion=Destination | | 2 | **sport** | gerund | | | | | | | tree rules | **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License. - ← previous: [Rival teams and the older bully, test 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/472-rival-teams-and-the-older-bully/t11/) - next →: [Rival teams and the older bully, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/472-rival-teams-and-the-older-bully/e2/) - ↑ back to [Rival teams and the older bully](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/472-rival-teams-and-the-older-bully/)