---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises a to… — Weather emergencies · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises a tornado warning? Exam question 1 of lesson 48 «Weather emergencies» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Exam question 1 · Weather emergencies

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises a tornado warning?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris · **To what, where:** tornado warning

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 48 «Weather emergencies» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/48-weather-emergencies/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:48-weather-emergencies:e1:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises a tornado warning?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	tornado	tornado	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	warning	warning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | a tornado warning |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The tornado season has begun for the year

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:48-weather-emergencies:e1:o1:1
# text = The tornado season has begun for the year
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	tornado	tornado	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	season	season	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	begun	begin	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **begin** | present · perfect | the tornado season |  |  |  | year |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A tornado has passed and it is safe to go outside

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:48-weather-emergencies:e1:o2:1
# text = A tornado has passed and it is safe to go outside
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	tornado	tornado	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	passed	pass	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	safe	safe	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	csubj	_	_
11	outside	outside	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pass** | present · perfect · passive |  | a tornado |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V NP»: subject=Trajectory |
| 2 | **is** | present | it |  |  |  |  | safe *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **go** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | outside *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Conditions may later favour a tornado, and no action whatsoever is required at present

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:48-weather-emergencies:e1:o3:1
# text = Conditions may later favour a tornado, and no action whatsoever is required at present
1	Conditions	condition	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	later	late	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	4	advmod	_	_
4	favour	favour	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	tornado	tornado	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
9	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	10	det	_	_
10	action	action	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj:pass	_	_
11	whatsoever	whatsoever	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	10	nmod	_	_
12	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux:pass	_	_
13	required	require	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
14	at	at	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	present	present	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **favour** | may | Conditions | a tornado |  |  |  | late *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **require** | present · passive |  | no action  whatsoever |  | present |  |  | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Precondition |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A tornado has been sighted or detected by radar, and shelter must be taken at once

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:48-weather-emergencies:e1:o4:1
# text = A tornado has been sighted or detected by radar, and shelter must be taken at once
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	tornado	tornado	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	sighted	sight	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	detected	detect	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
8	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	radar	radar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
12	shelter	shelter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj:pass	_	_
13	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
14	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	aux:pass	_	_
15	taken	take	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
16	at	at	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	15	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sight** | present · perfect · passive |  | a tornado |  |  |  |  | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Stimulus |
| 2 | **detect** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | by radar | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **take** | must · passive |  | shelter |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source NP.asset»: subject=Theme at once=Asset |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Weather emergencies, test 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/48-weather-emergencies/t19/)
- next →: [Weather emergencies, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/48-weather-emergencies/e2/)
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