---
title: Identify the principal means, as established in the lesson, by which… — Enemies who became friends, and ones w… · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the principal means, as established in the lesson, by which two pupils of long-standing enmity became friends. Exam question 1 of lesson 484 «Enemies who became friends, and ones who never did» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the q
---

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# Exam question 1 · Enemies who became friends, and ones who never did

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the principal means, as established in the lesson, by which two pupils of long-standing enmity became friends.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, principal, two pupils · **What happens:** identify, mean, establish, stand, become · **To what, where:** lesson, friends · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 484 «Enemies who became friends, and ones who never did» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/484-enemies-who-became-friends-and-ones-who-never-did/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:484-enemies-who-became-friends-and-ones-who-never-did:e1:1
# text = Identify the principal means, as established in the lesson, by which two pupils of long-standing enmity became friends.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	principal	principal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
7	established	establish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	ccomp	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	lesson	lesson	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
12	by	by	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	21	obl	_	_
14	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	15	nummod	_	_
15	pupils	pupil	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	nsubj	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
17	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	standing	stand	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	20	amod	_	_
20	enmity	enmity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
21	became	become	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
22	friends	friend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **mean** | present | the principal |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **establish** | participle |  |  |  | the lesson |  |  | vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot |
| 4 | **stand** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **become** | past | two pupils of long standing enmity | friends |  |  |  |  | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Compulsory reconciliation ordered by a teacher

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:484-enemies-who-became-friends-and-ones-who-never-did:e1:o1:1
# text = Compulsory reconciliation ordered by a teacher
1	Compulsory	compulsory	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	reconciliation	reconciliation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	ordered	order	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **order** | participle |  | Compulsory reconciliation *not said here* |  |  |  | by a teacher | vn order-58.3-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Collaboration upon a shared task

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:484-enemies-who-became-friends-and-ones-who-never-did:e1:o2:1
# text = Collaboration upon a shared task
1	Collaboration	collaboration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	shared	share	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	amod	_	_
5	task	task	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **share** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The intervention of their parents

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:484-enemies-who-became-friends-and-ones-who-never-did:e1:o3:1
# text = The intervention of their parents
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	intervention	intervention	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	parents	parent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **intervene** |  | their parents |  |  |  |  |  | nom intervention «act intransitive»: of=agent |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A physical contest decided in favour of one

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:484-enemies-who-became-friends-and-ones-who-never-did:e1:o4:1
# text = A physical contest decided in favour of one
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	physical	physical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	contest	contest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	decided	decide	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	favour	favour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **decide** | participle |  | a physical contest *not said here* |  | favour of one |  |  | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ↑ back to [Enemies who became friends, and ones who never did](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/484-enemies-who-became-friends-and-ones-who-never-did/)