---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises depr… — Tired, sad or drinking parents: tell a… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises depression? Exam question 1 of lesson 497 «Tired, sad or drinking parents: tell a trusted adult» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice 
---

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# Exam question 1 · Tired, sad or drinking parents: tell a trusted adult

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises depression?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 2 · right ✓ · **What happens:** follow, characteris · **To what, where:** depression

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This is exam question 1 of lesson 497 «Tired, sad or drinking parents: tell a trusted adult» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/497-tired-sad-or-drinking-parents-tell-a-trusted-adult/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:497-tired-sad-or-drinking-parents-tell-a-trusted-adult:e1:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises depression?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	depression	depression	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | depression |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A transient indisposition which resolves within a day

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:497-tired-sad-or-drinking-parents-tell-a-trusted-adult:e1:o1:1
# text = A transient indisposition which resolves within a day
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	transient	transient	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	indisposition	indisposition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj	_	_
5	resolves	resolve	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
6	within	within	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **resolve** | present | a transient indisposition |  |  |  | day |  | tree rules |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An illness occasioning prolonged sadness and fatigue

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:497-tired-sad-or-drinking-parents-tell-a-trusted-adult:e1:o2:1
# text = An illness occasioning prolonged sadness and fatigue
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	illness	illness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	occasioning	occasion	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	acl	_	_
4	prolonged	prolong	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	amod	_	_
5	sadness	sadness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **occasion** | gerund | a illness *not said here* | prolonged sadness and fatigue |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **prolong** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn sustain-55.6 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A condition caused principally by the conduct of children

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:497-tired-sad-or-drinking-parents-tell-a-trusted-adult:e1:o3:1
# text = A condition caused principally by the conduct of children
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	condition	condition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	caused	cause	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	principally	principally	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	conduct	conduct	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | participle |  | a condition *not said here* |  |  |  | by the conduct of children; principally *property* | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition |
| 2 | **conduct** |  |  | children |  |  |  |  | nom conduct «act transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A disposition to idleness which may be remedied by effort

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:497-tired-sad-or-drinking-parents-tell-a-trusted-adult:e1:o4:1
# text = A disposition to idleness which may be remedied by effort
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	disposition	disposition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	idleness	idleness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
6	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
7	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	remedied	remedy	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl:relcl	_	_
9	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	effort	effort	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **remedy** | may · passive | effort | a disposition to idleness |  |  |  |  | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent subject=Patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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