---
title: heard a guy got struck by lightning cos he stood under the only tree… — Thinking like a lifeguard · tree and pragmatics
description: heard a guy got struck by lightning cos he stood under the only tree in the field to stay dry Test 17 · ★★★ of lesson 50 «Thinking like a lifeguard» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Test 17 · ★★★ · Thinking like a lifeguard

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
heard a guy got struck by lightning cos he stood under the only tree in the field to stay dry

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 1 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** lightning, he · **What happens:** hear, strike, stand, stay · **To what, where:** guy, only tree · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 17 · ★★★ of lesson 50 «Thinking like a lifeguard» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/50-thinking-about-outdoor-safety/#t17).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:50-thinking-about-outdoor-safety:t17:1
# text = heard a guy got struck by lightning cos he stood under the only tree in the field to stay dry
1	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	guy	guy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	got	get	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	struck	strike	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	ccomp	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	lightning	lightning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
8	cos	cos	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
9	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	1	ccomp	_	_
11	under	under	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	only	only	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
18	to	to	PART	TO	_	19	mark	_	_
19	stay	stay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	advcl	_	_
20	dry	dry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** | past |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **strike** | past · passive | lightning | a guy |  |  |  |  | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient |
| 3 | **stand** | past | he |  |  | the only tree |  | in the field | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent under tree=Location |
| 4 | **stay** | to-infinitive | he *not said here* |  |  |  |  | dry *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Real lesson: lightning often strikes the tallest thing, so never shelter under a lone tree

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:50-thinking-about-outdoor-safety:t17:o1:1
# text = Real lesson: lightning often strikes the tallest thing, so never shelter under a lone tree
1	Real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	lesson	lesson	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	4	punct	_	_
4	lightning	lightning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
5	often	often	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	strikes	strike	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	tallest	tall	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	9	amod	_	_
9	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	so	so	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
12	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	13	advmod	_	_
13	shelter	shelter	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	conj	_	_
14	under	under	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	lone	lone	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **strike** | present | Real lesson | the tallest thing |  |  |  | often *property* | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Patient |
| 2 | **not** **shelter** | infinitive | Real lesson *not said here* |  |  | a lone tree |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme under tree=Location |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It proves fields are always safe without trees

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:50-thinking-about-outdoor-safety:t17:o2:1
# text = It proves fields are always safe without trees
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	proves	prove	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	fields	field	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	6	advmod	_	_
6	safe	safe	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	ccomp	_	_
7	without	without	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **prove** | present | It |  |  |  |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present | fields |  |  |  |  | without trees; always, safe *property* | tree rules |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Real lesson: trees only get struck when it rains, so stand under them before the rain starts

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:50-thinking-about-outdoor-safety:t17:o3:1
# text = Real lesson: trees only get struck when it rains, so stand under them before the rain starts
1	Real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	lesson	lesson	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
4	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	only	only	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
6	get	get	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	struck	strike	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	conj	_	_
8	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	10	mark	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	rains	rain	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	so	so	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	stand	stand	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	2	appos	_	_
14	under	under	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obl	_	_
16	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
19	starts	start	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **strike** | present · passive |  | trees |  |  |  |  | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **rain** | present | it |  |  |  |  |  | vn weather-57 «It V PP.theme» |
| 3 | **stand** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | under trees *= tree* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent under they=Location |
| 4 | **start** | present | the rain |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is gossip, so lone trees are good shelter

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:50-thinking-about-outdoor-safety:t17:o4:1
# text = It is gossip, so lone trees are good shelter
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	gossip	gossip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
5	so	so	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
6	lone	lone	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
8	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
9	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	shelter	shelter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	appos	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | It | gossip |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | present | lone trees | good shelter |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Thinking like a lifeguard, test 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/50-thinking-about-outdoor-safety/t16/)
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- ↑ back to [Thinking like a lifeguard](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/50-thinking-about-outdoor-safety/)