---
title: Identify the most appropriate means by which a child may raise a per… — The favourite, the black sheep, coveri… · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the most appropriate means by which a child may raise a perceived parental preference for a sibling. Exam question 2 of lesson 509 «The favourite, the black sheep, covering for each other and hand-me-downs» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragma
---

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# Exam question 2 · The favourite, the black sheep, covering for each other an…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the most appropriate means by which a child may raise a perceived parental preference for a sibling.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, appropriate, child · **What happens:** identify, mean, raise, perceive · **To what, where:** perceived parental preference · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is exam question 2 of lesson 509 «The favourite, the black sheep, covering for each other and hand-me-downs» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/509-the-favourite-the-black-sheep-covering-and-hand-me-downs/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:509-the-favourite-the-black-sheep-covering-and-hand-me-downs:e2:1
# text = Identify the most appropriate means by which a child may raise a perceived parental preference for a sibling.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	4	advmod	_	_
4	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	nsubj	_	_
5	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	ccomp	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	obl	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	child	child	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
10	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
11	raise	raise	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	ccomp	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
13	perceived	perceive	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	amod	_	_
14	parental	parental	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	preference	preference	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
16	for	for	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	sibling	sibling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **mean** | present | the appropriate |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **raise** | may | a child | a perceived parental preference |  |  |  | for a sibling | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent preference=Theme by which=Destination |
| 4 | **perceive** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Damage to the property of the favoured sibling

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:509-the-favourite-the-black-sheep-covering-and-hand-me-downs:e2:o1:1
# text = Damage to the property of the favoured sibling
1	Damage	damage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	to	to	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	property	property	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	favoured	favour	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	amod	_	_
8	sibling	sibling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **favour** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A calm statement of the child's feelings to the parent

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:509-the-favourite-the-black-sheep-covering-and-hand-me-downs:e2:o2:1
# text = A calm statement of the child's feelings to the parent
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	calm	calm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	statement	statement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	child	child	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	's	's	PART	POS	_	6	case	_	_
8	feelings	feeling	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	parent	parent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **state** |  |  | the child's feelings to the parent |  |  |  |  | nom statement «communication transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A protracted period of sulking without explanation

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:509-the-favourite-the-black-sheep-covering-and-hand-me-downs:e2:o3:1
# text = A protracted period of sulking without explanation
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	protracted	protract	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	amod	_	_
3	period	period	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
5	sulking	sulk	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	acl	_	_
6	without	without	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	explanation	explanation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **protract** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn sustain-55.6 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **sulk** | gerund | a protracted period *not said here* |  |  |  |  | without explanation | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Complaint made exclusively to neighbours and friends

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:509-the-favourite-the-black-sheep-covering-and-hand-me-downs:e2:o4:1
# text = Complaint made exclusively to neighbours and friends
1	Complaint	complaint	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	exclusively	exclusively	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	neighbours	neighbour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	friends	friend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | Complaint |  |  |  |  | to neighbours and friends; exclusively *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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