---
title: Mam has 6 mugs. One is broken, and Cari says, «the cat did it». The… — The favourite, the black sheep, coveri… · tree and pragmatics
description: Mam has 6 mugs. One is broken, and Cari says, «the cat did it». The family has no cat. What does Mam know for certain? Test 3 · ★★ of lesson 509 «The favourite, the black sheep, covering for each other and hand-me-downs» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and p
---

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# Test 3 · ★★ · The favourite, the black sheep, covering for each other an…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mam has 6 mugs. One is broken, and Cari says, «the cat did it». The family has no cat. What does Mam know for certain?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 1 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** Mam, Cari, cat, family · **What happens:** have, break, say, do, know · **To what, where:** 6 mugs, One, it, cat · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 3 · ★★ of lesson 509 «The favourite, the black sheep, covering for each other and hand-me-downs» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/509-the-favourite-the-black-sheep-covering-and-hand-me-downs/#t3).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Mam has 6 mugs.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:509-the-favourite-the-black-sheep-covering-and-hand-me-downs:t3:1
# text = Mam has 6 mugs.
1	Mam	Mam	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	6	6	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	mugs	mug	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Mam | 6 mugs |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mug=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* One is broken, and Cari says, «the cat did it».

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:509-the-favourite-the-black-sheep-covering-and-hand-me-downs:t3:2
# text = One is broken, and Cari says, «the cat did it».
1	One	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	broken	break	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	Cari	Cari	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
12	did	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	ccomp	_	_
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **break** | present · passive |  | One |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | Cari |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **do** *in a quote* | past | the cat | it |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 3:* The family has no cat.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:509-the-favourite-the-black-sheep-covering-and-hand-me-downs:t3:3
# text = The family has no cat.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	5	det	_	_
5	cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the family | no cat |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cat=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 4:* What does Mam know for certain?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:509-the-favourite-the-black-sheep-covering-and-hand-me-downs:t3:4
# text = What does Mam know for certain?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	4	obj	_	_
2	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	Mam	Mam	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	know	know	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	certain	certain	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **know** | present · do-support | Mam |  |  |  |  | for certain | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer what=Stimulus |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cari's story isn't true

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:509-the-favourite-the-black-sheep-covering-and-hand-me-downs:t3:o1:1
# text = Cari's story isn't true
1	Cari	Cari	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
6	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is** | present | Cari's story |  |  |  |  | true *property* | tree rules |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cari broke the mug herself

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:509-the-favourite-the-black-sheep-covering-and-hand-me-downs:t3:o2:1
# text = Cari broke the mug herself
1	Cari	Cari	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	broke	break	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	mug	mug	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	herself	herself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **break** | past | Cari | the mug |  |  |  | Cari *obl* | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer mug=Patient |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The mug broke on its own

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:509-the-favourite-the-black-sheep-covering-and-hand-me-downs:t3:o3:1
# text = The mug broke on its own
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	mug	mug	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	broke	break	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **break** | past | the mug |  |  | mug's own |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on own=Location |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A neighbour's cat came in

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:509-the-favourite-the-black-sheep-covering-and-hand-me-downs:t3:o4:1
# text = A neighbour's cat came in
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	neighbour	neighbour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come in** | past | a neighbour's cat |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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