---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises a ca… — Cats and dogs up close · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises a cat rubbing against a person's legs? Exam question 1 of lesson 61 «Cats and dogs up close» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was 
---

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# Exam question 1 · Cats and dogs up close

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises a cat rubbing against a person's legs?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 2 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** cat · **What happens:** follow, characteris, rub · **To what, where:** cat, legs

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 61 «Cats and dogs up close» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/61-cats-and-dogs-up-close/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:61-cats-and-dogs-up-close:e1:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises a cat rubbing against a person's legs?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	rubbing	rub	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	10	acl	_	_
12	against	against	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	's	's	PART	POS	_	14	case	_	_
16	legs	leg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | a cat |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **rub** | gerund | a cat *not said here* |  |  | a person's legs |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme against leg=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cat is cleaning its fur upon the person's clothing

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:61-cats-and-dogs-up-close:e1:o1:1
# text = The cat is cleaning its fur upon the person's clothing
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	cleaning	clean	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	fur	fur	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	's	's	PART	POS	_	9	case	_	_
11	clothing	clothing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **clean** | present · progressive | the cat | cat's fur |  |  |  | upon the person's clothing | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent fur=Patient |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cat is leaving its scent upon the person in a friendly manner

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:61-cats-and-dogs-up-close:e1:o2:1
# text = The cat is leaving its scent upon the person in a friendly manner
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	leaving	leave	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	scent	scent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	friendly	friendly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	manner	manner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | present · progressive | the cat | cat's scent |  | a friendly manner |  | upon the person | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent scent=Theme upon person=Location |
| 2 | **scent** |  | cat |  |  |  |  |  | nom scent «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cat is attempting to trip the person

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:61-cats-and-dogs-up-close:e1:o3:1
# text = The cat is attempting to trip the person
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	attempting	attempt	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	trip	trip	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **attempt** | present · progressive | the cat |  |  |  |  |  | vn try-61.1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **trip** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | the cat *not said here* | the person |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent person=Agent |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cat is warning the person to depart

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:61-cats-and-dogs-up-close:e1:o4:1
# text = The cat is warning the person to depart
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	warning	warn	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	depart	depart	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **warn** *speech: warn* | present · progressive | the cat |  | the person |  |  |  | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP how S\_INF»: agent=Agent person=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **depart** | to-infinitive | the cat *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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