---
title: Identify the principal reason for which a person who has sustained a… — Spiders, snakes and wild neighbours · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the principal reason for which a person who has sustained a snake bite ought to remain motionless pending the arrival of assistance. Exam question 1 of lesson 69 «Spiders, snakes and wild neighbours» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of
---

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# Exam question 1 · Spiders, snakes and wild neighbours

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the principal reason for which a person who has sustained a snake bite ought to remain motionless pending the arrival of assistance.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, person, assistance · **What happens:** identify, sustain, remain, pend, arrive · **To what, where:** principal reason, snake bite, arrival

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 69 «Spiders, snakes and wild neighbours» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/69-spiders-snakes-and-wild-neighbours/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:69-spiders-snakes-and-wild-neighbours:e1:1
# text = Identify the principal reason for which a person who has sustained a snake bite ought to remain motionless pending the arrival of assistance.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	17	obl	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
9	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj	_	_
10	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
11	sustained	sustain	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	8	acl:relcl	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	snake	snake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	bite	bite	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
15	ought	ought	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
16	to	to	PART	TO	_	17	mark	_	_
17	remain	remain	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	acl:relcl	_	_
18	motionless	motionless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	xcomp	_	_
19	pending	pend	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	18	advcl	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	arrival	arrival	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	assistance	assistance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principal reason |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme |
| 2 | **sustain** | present · perfect | a person | a snake bite |  |  |  |  | vn sustain-55.6 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent bite=Theme |
| 3 | **remain** | ought | a person | the principal reason *not said here* |  |  |  | for the principal reason; motionless *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **pend** | gerund | a person *not said here* | the arrival of assistance |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **arrive** |  | assistance |  |  |  |  |  | nom arrival «act intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Immobility renders the bite entirely painless at once

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:69-spiders-snakes-and-wild-neighbours:e1:o1:1
# text = Immobility renders the bite entirely painless at once
1	Immobility	immobility	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	renders	render	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	bite	bite	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	entirely	entirely	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	painless	painless	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **render** | present | Immobility | the bite |  |  |  | painless *property* | vn give-13.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bite=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Immobility causes the venom to leave through the skin

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:69-spiders-snakes-and-wild-neighbours:e1:o2:1
# text = Immobility causes the venom to leave through the skin
1	Immobility	immobility	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	causes	cause	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	venom	venom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	leave	leave	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
7	through	through	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | present | Immobility | the venom |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **leave** | to-infinitive | the venom *not said here* |  |  | the skin |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme through skin=Initial\_Location |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Immobility retards the dissemination of venom through the body

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:69-spiders-snakes-and-wild-neighbours:e1:o3:1
# text = Immobility retards the dissemination of venom through the body
1	Immobility	immobility	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	retards	retard	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	dissemination	dissemination	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	venom	venom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	through	through	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **retard** | present | Immobility | the dissemination of venom |  | the body |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **disseminate** |  |  | venom |  |  |  |  | nom dissemination «communication transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Immobility deters the serpent from striking a second time upon the person

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:69-spiders-snakes-and-wild-neighbours:e1:o4:1
# text = Immobility deters the serpent from striking a second time upon the person
1	Immobility	immobility	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	deters	deter	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	serpent	serpent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	from	from	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	striking	strike	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	second	second	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	9	amod	_	_
9	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
10	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **deter** | present | Immobility | the serpent |  |  |  |  | vn discourage-64.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer serpent=Eventuality |
| 2 | **strike** | gerund | Immobility *not said here* |  |  |  | time | upon the person | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon person=Location |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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