---
title: kid on the bus swears there's sharks in the local lake, that's why y… — Swimming basics and water confidence · tree and pragmatics
description: kid on the bus swears there's sharks in the local lake, that's why ya gotta swim between the flags Test 18 · ★★ of lesson 7 «Swimming basics and water confidence» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choic
---

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# Test 18 · ★★ · Swimming basics and water confidence

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
kid on the bus swears there's sharks in the local lake, that's why ya gotta swim between the flags

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** kid, sharks, that · **What happens:** swear, be, swim · **To what, where:** local lake, flags

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 18 · ★★ of lesson 7 «Swimming basics and water confidence» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/7-swimming-and-water/#t18).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:7-swimming-and-water:t18:1
# text = kid on the bus swears there's sharks in the local lake, that's why ya gotta swim between the flags
1	kid	kid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	on	on	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	bus	bus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
5	swears	swear	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	7	expl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	's	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	ccomp	_	_
8	sharks	shark	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	local	local	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	lake	lake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	16	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
16	why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	19	advmod	_	_
17	ya	ya	X	GW	_	19	advmod	_	_
18	gotta	gotta	PART	TO	_	17	goeswith	_	_
19	swim	swim	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	advcl	_	_
20	between	between	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	flags	flag	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **swear** | present | kid on the bus |  |  |  |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **does** | present | sharks |  |  | the local lake; there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in lake=Location |
| 3 | **is** | present | that |  |  |  |  | why *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **swim** | infinitive | kid on the bus *not said here* |  |  | the flags |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme between flag=Trajectory |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is true, so lakes are worse than the sea

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:7-swimming-and-water:t18:o1:1
# text = It is true, so lakes are worse than the sea
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
5	so	so	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
6	lakes	lake	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
7	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	worse	bad	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	3	conj	_	_
9	than	than	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | It |  |  |  |  | true *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | lakes |  |  |  |  | than the sea; bad *property* | tree rules |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It must be true because so many people repeat it

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:7-swimming-and-water:t18:o2:1
# text = It must be true because so many people repeat it
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	cop	_	_
4	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
6	so	so	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
9	repeat	repeat	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | must | It |  |  |  |  | true *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **repeat** | present | many people | it |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is true, and the flags keep sharks out

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:7-swimming-and-water:t18:o3:1
# text = It is true, and the flags keep sharks out
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	flags	flag	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
8	keep	keep	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
9	sharks	shark	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
10	out	out	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | It |  |  |  |  | true *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **keep out** | present | the flags | sharks |  |  |  | out *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shark=Theme |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sharks in a lake is almost surely a rumour; the flags mark where lifeguards watch and the water is safest

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:7-swimming-and-water:t18:o4:1
# text = Sharks in a lake is almost surely a rumour; the flags mark where lifeguards watch and the water is safest
1	Sharks	shark	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
2	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	lake	lake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
6	almost	almost	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	surely	surely	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	rumour	rumour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	flags	flag	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nsubj	_	_
13	mark	mark	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	parataxis	_	_
14	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	16	advmod	_	_
15	lifeguards	lifeguard	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nsubj	_	_
16	watch	watch	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	acl:relcl	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nsubj	_	_
20	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	cop	_	_
21	safest	safe	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	13	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Sharks in a lake | a rumour |  |  |  | surely *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **mark** | present | the flags |  |  |  |  |  | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **watch** | present | lifeguards |  |  |  |  |  | vn search-35.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **is** | present | the water |  |  |  |  | safe *property* | tree rules |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Swimming basics and water confidence, test 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/7-swimming-and-water/t17/)
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