---
title: State the reason for which ice ought not to be applied directly to t… — Bruises, head bumps, nosebleeds and bu… · tree and pragmatics
description: State the reason for which ice ought not to be applied directly to the bare skin in the treatment of a bruise. Exam question 4 of lesson 84 «Bruises, head bumps, nosebleeds and burns» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each
---

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# Exam question 4 · Bruises, head bumps, nosebleeds and burns

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
State the reason for which ice ought not to be applied directly to the bare skin in the treatment of a bruise.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **What happens:** not apply, treat · **To what, where:** ice, treatment, bruise

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 4 of lesson 84 «Bruises, head bumps, nosebleeds and burns» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/84-bruises-bumps-nosebleeds-and-burns/#e4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:84-bruises-bumps-nosebleeds-and-burns:e4:1
# text = State the reason for which ice ought not to be applied directly to the bare skin in the treatment of a bruise.
1	State	state	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	appos	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	obl	_	_
6	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
7	ought	ought	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
10	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	aux:pass	_	_
11	applied	apply	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl:relcl	_	_
12	directly	directly	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
13	to	to	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	bare	bare	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	treatment	treatment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	bruise	bruise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **apply** | ought · passive |  | ice |  | the treatment of a bruise |  | for the reason; to the bare skin | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP PP.predicate»: subject=Theme for which=Eventuality |
| 2 | **treat** |  |  | a bruise |  |  |  |  | nom treatment «act transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ice in direct contact may damage the skin, so a cold pack is wrapped in a cloth

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:84-bruises-bumps-nosebleeds-and-burns:e4:o1:1
# text = Ice in direct contact may damage the skin, so a cold pack is wrapped in a cloth
1	Ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
2	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	direct	direct	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	contact	contact	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
5	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	damage	damage	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
10	so	so	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	pack	pack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj:pass	_	_
14	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux:pass	_	_
15	wrapped	wrap	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	parataxis	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	cloth	cloth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **damage** | may | Ice in direct contact | the skin |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent skin=Patient |
| 2 | **wrap** | present · passive |  | a cold pack |  | a cloth |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in cloth=Destination |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ice applied directly causes the bruise to spread to adjoining parts of the body

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:84-bruises-bumps-nosebleeds-and-burns:e4:o2:1
# text = Ice applied directly causes the bruise to spread to adjoining parts of the body
1	Ice	Ice	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	applied	apply	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	directly	directly	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	causes	cause	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	bruise	bruise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	spread	spread	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	advcl	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	adjoining	adjoin	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	11	amod	_	_
11	parts	part	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **apply** | past | Ice |  |  |  |  |  | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **cause** | present | Ice *not said here* | the bruise |  |  |  | directly *property* | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition bruise=Patient |
| 3 | **spread** | to-infinitive | Ice *not said here* |  |  |  |  | to adjoining parts of the body | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **adjoin** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ice applied directly is ineffective, as cold has no effect upon any swelling

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:84-bruises-bumps-nosebleeds-and-burns:e4:o3:1
# text = Ice applied directly is ineffective, as cold has no effect upon any swelling
1	Ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	applied	apply	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	acl	_	_
3	directly	directly	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	ineffective	ineffective	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
8	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	nsubj	_	_
9	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
10	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	11	det	_	_
11	effect	effect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
12	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	14	det	_	_
14	swelling	swelling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **apply** | participle |  | Ice *not said here* |  |  |  | directly *property* | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present | Ice |  |  |  |  | ineffective *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **have** | present | cold | no effect |  |  |  | upon any swelling | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent effect=Patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ice in direct contact makes the bruise permanent and prevents it from fading

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:84-bruises-bumps-nosebleeds-and-burns:e4:o4:1
# text = Ice in direct contact makes the bruise permanent and prevents it from fading
1	Ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	direct	direct	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	contact	contact	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
5	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	bruise	bruise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	permanent	permanent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	xcomp	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	prevents	prevent	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	_
12	from	from	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	fading	fading	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | Ice in direct contact | the bruise |  |  |  | permanent *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset bruise=Product |
| 2 | **prevent** | present | Ice in direct contact *not said here* | bruise |  | fading |  |  | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Causer it=Beneficiary from fading=Eventuality |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Bruises, head bumps, nosebleeds and bu…, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/84-bruises-bumps-nosebleeds-and-burns/e3/)
- next →: [Splinters, stings, allergies and asthma, test 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/85-splinters-stings-and-allergies/t1/)
- ↑ back to [Bruises, head bumps, nosebleeds and burns](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/84-bruises-bumps-nosebleeds-and-burns/)