---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Facing fears · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the effect of confronting a fear? Exam question 1 of lesson 90 «Facing fears» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Exam question 1 · Facing fears

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the effect of confronting a fear?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** effect · **What happens:** follow, characteris, confront · **To what, where:** effect, fear

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 90 «Facing fears» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/90-facing-fears/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:90-facing-fears:e1:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the effect of confronting a fear?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	effect	effect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
12	confronting	confront	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	10	acl	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	fear	fear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the effect |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **confront** | gerund | the effect *not said here* | a fear |  |  |  |  | vn confront-98 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fear=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fears may only be overcome by confronting them all at once, alone and entirely without help

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:90-facing-fears:e1:o1:1
# text = Fears may only be overcome by confronting them all at once, alone and entirely without help
1	Fears	fear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
3	only	only	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	overcome	overcome	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
7	confronting	confront	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	advcl	_	_
8	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
9	all	all	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
10	at	at	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	alone	alone	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	entirely	entirely	ADV	RB	_	13	conj	_	_
16	without	without	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	help	help	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **overcome** | may · passive |  | Fears |  |  |  | without help; alone *property* | vn exceed-90 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **confront** | gerund |  | Fears *= fear* |  |  |  | once *property* | vn confront-98 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fears generally diminish when they are faced in small and safe steps with support

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:90-facing-fears:e1:o2:1
# text = Fears generally diminish when they are faced in small and safe steps with support
1	Fears	fear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	generally	generally	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	diminish	diminish	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	7	advmod	_	_
5	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
6	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	faced	face	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	advcl	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
9	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	safe	safe	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	conj	_	_
12	steps	step	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
13	with	with	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	support	support	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **diminish** | present | Fears |  |  |  |  | generally *property* | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **face** | present · passive |  | Fears *= fear* |  |  |  | in small steps with support | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination in step=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fears are invariably increased by any attempt whatsoever to confront them

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:90-facing-fears:e1:o3:1
# text = Fears are invariably increased by any attempt whatsoever to confront them
1	Fears	fear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
3	invariably	invariably	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	increased	increase	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	7	det	_	_
7	attempt	attempt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	whatsoever	whatsoever	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	confront	confront	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	advcl	_	_
11	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **increase** | present · passive | any attempt | Fears |  |  |  | invariably *property* | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Causer subject=Patient |
| 2 | **confront** | to-infinitive | any attempt *not said here* | Fears *= fear* |  |  |  | whatsoever *property* | vn confront-98 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fears disappear entirely when they are concealed from parents and teachers

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:90-facing-fears:e1:o4:1
# text = Fears disappear entirely when they are concealed from parents and teachers
1	Fears	fear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	disappear	disappear	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	entirely	entirely	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	7	advmod	_	_
5	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
6	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	concealed	conceal	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	advcl	_	_
8	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	parents	parent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	teachers	teacher	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **disappear** | present | Fears |  |  |  |  | entirely *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **conceal** | present · passive |  | Fears *= fear* |  |  |  | from parents and teachers | vn concealment-16 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: subject=Patient from parent=Beneficiary |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Facing fears, test 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/90-facing-fears/t19/)
- next →: [Facing fears, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/90-facing-fears/e2/)
- ↑ back to [Facing fears](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/90-facing-fears/)