--- title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises bull… — Friendship troubles, being left out an… · tree and pragmatics description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises bullying? Exam question 1 of lesson 98 «Friendship troubles, being left out and bullying» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was rig --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/98-friendship-being-left-out-and-bullying/e1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Everyday](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/) / [Friendship troubles, being left out an…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/98-friendship-being-left-out-and-bullying/) / e1 # Exam question 1 · Friendship troubles, being left out and bullying Which of the following statements most accurately characterises bullying? **Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **What happens:** follow, characteris, bully This is exam question 1 of lesson 98 «Friendship troubles, being left out and bullying» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/98-friendship-being-left-out-and-bullying/#e1). ## The question {#question} ```conllu # sent_id = question:everyday:98-friendship-being-left-out-and-bullying:e1:1 # text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises bullying? 1 Which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 8 nsubj _ _ 2 of of ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 4 following follow VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 5 amod _ _ 5 statements statement NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 obl _ _ 6 most most ADV RBS Degree=Sup 7 advmod _ _ 7 accurately accurately ADV RB _ 8 advmod _ _ 8 characterises characteris VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 9 bullying bully VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 8 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 10 ? ? PUNCT . _ 8 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **follow** | gerund | | | | | | | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **characteris** | present | | | | | | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **bully** | gerund | | | | | | | vn captain-29.8-1 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1} Hurting, threatening or teasing repeated on purpose ```conllu # sent_id = question:everyday:98-friendship-being-left-out-and-bullying:e1:o1:1 # text = Hurting, threatening or teasing repeated on purpose 1 Hurting hurt VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No 2 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct _ _ 3 threatening threaten VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 1 conj _ _ 4 or or CCONJ CC _ 5 cc _ _ 5 teasing tease VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 1 conj _ _ 6 repeated repeat VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 5 xcomp _ _ 7 on on ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 8 purpose purpose NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **hurt** | gerund | | | | | | | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | | 2 | **threaten** | gerund | | | | | | | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | | 3 | **tease** | gerund | | | | purpose | | | tree rules | | 4 | **repeat** | participle | | | | | | | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | ### Option 2 {#o2} Any occasion upon which a child is not chosen first ```conllu # sent_id = question:everyday:98-friendship-being-left-out-and-bullying:e1:o2:1 # text = Any occasion upon which a child is not chosen first 1 Any any DET DT PronType=Ind 2 det _ _ 2 occasion occasion NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 3 upon upon ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 4 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 9 obl _ _ 5 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 child child NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nsubj:pass _ _ 7 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 9 aux:pass _ _ 8 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 9 advmod _ _ 9 chosen choose VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 2 acl:relcl _ _ 10 first first ADV RB NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord 9 advmod _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **not** **choose** | present · passive | | a child | | | | upon any occasion; first *property* | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | ### Option 3 {#o3} Teasing which the victim has in some way provoked ```conllu # sent_id = question:everyday:98-friendship-being-left-out-and-bullying:e1:o3:1 # text = Teasing which the victim has in some way provoked 1 Teasing tease VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 5 csubj _ _ 2 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 1 obj _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 victim victim NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 obj _ _ 5 has have VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 6 in in ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 7 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 8 det _ _ 8 way way NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obl _ _ 9 provoked provoke VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 8 acl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **tease** | gerund | | the victim | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **have** | present | Teasing | | | some way | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **provoke** | participle | | some way *not said here* | | | | | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | ### Option 4 {#o4} A single disagreement between two equal friends ```conllu # sent_id = question:everyday:98-friendship-being-left-out-and-bullying:e1:o4:1 # text = A single disagreement between two equal friends 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 single single ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 disagreement disagreement NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 4 between between ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 5 two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 7 nummod _ _ 6 equal equal ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 amod _ _ 7 friends friend NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nmod _ _ ``` The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence. **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. 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