---
title: Why is explaining homework better than letting a friend copy it? — Friendship troubles, being left out an… · tree and pragmatics
description: Why is explaining homework better than letting a friend copy it? Test 3 · ★★ of lesson 98 «Friendship troubles, being left out and bullying» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Test 3 · ★★ · Friendship troubles, being left out and bullying

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Why is explaining homework better than letting a friend copy it?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** friend · **What happens:** explain, let, copy · **To what, where:** homework, friend

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This is test 3 · ★★ of lesson 98 «Friendship troubles, being left out and bullying» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/98-friendship-being-left-out-and-bullying/#t3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:98-friendship-being-left-out-and-bullying:t3:1
# text = Why is explaining homework better than letting a friend copy it?
1	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	3	advmod	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	explaining	explain	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	homework	homework	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	better	well	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	3	advmod	_	_
6	than	than	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
7	letting	let	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	copy	copy	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **explain** *speech: assert* | present · progressive |  | homework |  |  |  | well *property* | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent homework=Topic |
| 2 | **let** | gerund |  | a friend |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **copy** | infinitive | a friend *not said here* | friend |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Explaining helps your friend really learn it

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:98-friendship-being-left-out-and-bullying:t3:o1:1
# text = Explaining helps your friend really learn it
1	Explaining	explain	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	nsubj	_	_
2	helps	help	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	really	really	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	learn	learn	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **explain** *speech: assert* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **help** | present |  |  | your friend |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent friend=Beneficiary |
| 3 | **learn** | present |  | friend |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Topic |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Copying is slower than explaining

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:98-friendship-being-left-out-and-bullying:t3:o2:1
# text = Copying is slower than explaining
1	Copying	copying	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	slower	slow	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
4	than	than	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
5	explaining	explain	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Copying |  |  |  |  | slow *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **explain** *speech: assert* | gerund | Copying *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Explaining makes you look cleverer

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:98-friendship-being-left-out-and-bullying:t3:o3:1
# text = Explaining makes you look cleverer
1	Explaining	explain	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	nsubj	_	_
2	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	look	look	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	cleverer	clever	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	4	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **explain** *speech: assert* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **make** | present |  | you |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **look** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | clever *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Teachers always give rewards to children who explain things

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:98-friendship-being-left-out-and-bullying:t3:o4:1
# text = Teachers always give rewards to children who explain things
1	Teachers	teacher	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	3	advmod	_	_
3	give	give	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	rewards	reward	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
7	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
8	explain	explain	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
9	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present | Teachers | rewards | children |  |  | always *property* | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent reward=Theme to child=Recipient |
| 2 | **explain** *speech: assert* | present | children | things |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Topic |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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