---
title: It is given that a person states "J'ai eu dix ans hier". Determine t… — Dates and birthdays · tree and pragmatics
description: It is given that a person states "J'ai eu dix ans hier". Determine the meaning of this statement. Exam question 4 of lesson 11 «Dates and birthdays» of the French course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Exam question 4 · Dates and birthdays

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is given that a person states "J'ai eu dix ans hier". Determine the meaning of this statement.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** person, you · **What happens:** give, state, determine, mean · **To what, where:** It, J'ai eu, meaning, statement

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 4 of lesson 11 «Dates and birthdays» of the French course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/french/11-dates-and-birthdays/#e4).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* It is given that a person states "J'ai eu dix ans hier".

```conllu
# sent_id = question:french:11-dates-and-birthdays:e4:1
# text = It is given that a person states "J'ai eu dix ans hier".
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	states	state	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
8	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	J'ai	J'ai	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	eu	eu	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
11	dix	dix	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	12	nummod	_	_
12	ans	an	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obl:unmarked	_	_
13	hier	hi	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	10	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present · passive |  | It |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **state** *speech: other* | present | a person | J'ai eu |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent eu=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Determine the meaning of this statement.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:french:11-dates-and-birthdays:e4:2
# text = Determine the meaning of this statement.
1	Determine	determine	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	meaning	meaning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	6	det	_	_
6	statement	statement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **determine** | imperative | you *not said here* | the meaning of this statement |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent meaning=Topic |
| 2 | **mean** |  |  | this statement |  |  |  |  | nom meaning «communication transitive»: of=patient |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The person shall attain the age of ten on the following day

```conllu
# sent_id = question:french:11-dates-and-birthdays:e4:o1:1
# text = The person shall attain the age of ten on the following day
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	attain	attain	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	age	age	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	ten	ten	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nmod	_	_
9	on	on	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	12	amod	_	_
12	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **attain** | shall | the person | the age of ten |  |  | day |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent age=Theme |
| 2 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The person has resided in France for ten years

```conllu
# sent_id = question:french:11-dates-and-birthdays:e4:o2:1
# text = The person has resided in France for ten years
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	resided	reside	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	France	France	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	ten	ten	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
9	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reside** | present · perfect · passive |  | the person |  | France | year |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V ADV»: subject=Location |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The person consumed ten items on the preceding day

```conllu
# sent_id = question:french:11-dates-and-birthdays:e4:o3:1
# text = The person consumed ten items on the preceding day
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	consumed	consume	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	ten	ten	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	items	item	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	preceding	precede	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	9	amod	_	_
9	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **consume** | participle | the person *not said here* | ten items |  |  | day |  | vn consume-66 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent item=Asset |
| 2 | **precede** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The person attained the age of ten on the preceding day

```conllu
# sent_id = question:french:11-dates-and-birthdays:e4:o4:1
# text = The person attained the age of ten on the preceding day
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	attained	attain	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	age	age	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	ten	ten	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nmod	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	preceding	precede	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	11	amod	_	_
11	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **attain** | past | the person | the age of ten |  |  | day |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent age=Theme |
| 2 | **precede** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Dates and birthdays, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/french/11-dates-and-birthdays/e3/)
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