---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Food and drink · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the use of articles after the verb aimer? Exam question 1 of lesson 18 «Food and drink» of the French course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Exam question 1 · Food and drink

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the use of articles after the verb aimer?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris, use · **To what, where:** use, articles

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 18 «Food and drink» of the French course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/french/18-food-and-drink/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:french:18-food-and-drink:e1:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the use of articles after the verb aimer?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	use	use	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	articles	article	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	_
13	after	after	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	verb	verb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	aimer	aimer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the use of articles after the verb aimer |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **use** |  |  | articles after the verb aimer |  |  |  |  | nom use «act transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No article whatsoever is employed after aimer

```conllu
# sent_id = question:french:18-food-and-drink:e1:o1:1
# text = No article whatsoever is employed after aimer
1	No	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	2	det	_	_
2	article	article	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	whatsoever	whatsoever	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	employed	employ	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl:relcl	_	_
6	after	after	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	aimer	aimer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **employ** | present · passive |  | whatsoever |  |  | after aimer |  | vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The article is employed solely before masculine nouns

```conllu
# sent_id = question:french:18-food-and-drink:e1:o2:1
# text = The article is employed solely before masculine nouns
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	article	article	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	employed	employ	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	solely	solely	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	before	before	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	masculine	masculine	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	nouns	noun	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **employ** | present · passive |  | the article |  |  | before masculine nouns | solely *property* | vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The partitive du or de la is invariably required

```conllu
# sent_id = question:french:18-food-and-drink:e1:o3:1
# text = The partitive du or de la is invariably required
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	partitive	partitive	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	du	du	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	de	de	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	3	conj	_	_
6	la	la	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	5	flat:foreign	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux:pass	_	_
8	invariably	invariably	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	required	require	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **require** | present · passive |  | the partitive du |  |  |  | invariably *property* | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Precondition |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The definite article le, la, l' or les is required before the thing liked

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:french:18-food-and-drink:e1:o4:1
# text = The definite article le, la, l' or les is required before the thing liked
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	definite	definite	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	article	article	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	le	le	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	la	la	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	l	l	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	les	le	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	_
12	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux:pass	_	_
13	required	require	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
14	before	before	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
17	liked	like	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	acl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **require** | present · passive |  | the definite article le and la and l or les |  |  | before the thing |  | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Precondition |
| 2 | **like** | participle |  | the thing *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Food and drink, test 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/french/18-food-and-drink/t12/)
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