---
title: Charlotte's mate says, "J'ai, tu as, il a - it's like a sneeze then… — Avoir: to have · tree and pragmatics
description: Charlotte's mate says, "J'ai, tu as, il a - it's like a sneeze then a hiccup!" Which one comes next for elle? Test 1 of lesson 29 «Avoir: to have» of the French course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Test 1 · Avoir: to have

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Charlotte's mate says, "J'ai, tu as, il a - it's like a sneeze then a hiccup!" Which one comes next for elle?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** mate, one · **What happens:** say, be, come · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 1 of lesson 29 «Avoir: to have» of the French course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/french/29-avoir-to-have/#t1).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Charlotte's mate says, "J'ai, tu as, il a - it's like a sneeze then a hiccup!"

```conllu
# sent_id = question:french:29-avoir-to-have:t1:1
# text = Charlotte's mate says, "J'ai, tu as, il a - it's like a sneeze then a hiccup!"
1	Charlotte	Charlotte	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	mate	mate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	J'ai	J'ai	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	tu	tu	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	10	flat:foreign	_	_
10	as	as	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	7	flat:foreign	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	il	il	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	10	conj	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
14	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	13	punct	_	_
15	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	cop	_	_
17	like	like	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	sneeze	sneeze	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
20	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	22	advmod	_	_
21	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	hiccup	hiccup	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	22	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: express* | present | Charlotte's mate |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** *in a quote* | present | mate |  |  |  |  | like a sneeze; a hiccup *nmod* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Which one comes next for elle?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:french:29-avoir-to-have:t1:2
# text = Which one comes next for elle?
1	Which	which	DET	WDT	PronType=Int	2	det	_	_
2	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	comes	come	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	next	next	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	elle	elle	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | present | which one |  |  |  |  | for elle; next *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
elle a

```conllu
# sent_id = question:french:29-avoir-to-have:t1:o1:1
# text = elle a
1	elle	elle	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	0	root	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	1	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
elle as

```conllu
# sent_id = question:french:29-avoir-to-have:t1:o2:1
# text = elle as
1	elle	elle	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	0	root	_	_
2	as	as	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
elle est

```conllu
# sent_id = question:french:29-avoir-to-have:t1:o3:1
# text = elle est
1	elle	elle	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	0	root	_	_
2	est	est	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	1	flat:foreign	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
elle ai

```conllu
# sent_id = question:french:29-avoir-to-have:t1:o4:1
# text = elle ai
1	elle	elle	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	ai	ai	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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