---
title: Harry from Kent says "GARR-idge" and his US cousin says "guh-RAHZH".… — English words that came from French · tree and pragmatics
description: Harry from Kent says "GARR-idge" and his US cousin says "guh-RAHZH". Who's right? Test 10 · ★ of lesson 36 «English words that came from French» of the French course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Test 10 · ★ · English words that came from French

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Harry from Kent says "GARR-idge" and his US cousin says "guh-RAHZH". Who's right?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** Harry, US cousin · **What happens:** say, be · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 10 · ★ of lesson 36 «English words that came from French» of the French course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/french/36-english-words-that-came-from-french/#t10).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Harry from Kent says "GARR-idge" and his US cousin says "guh-RAHZH".

```conllu
# sent_id = question:french:36-english-words-that-came-from-french:t10:1
# text = Harry from Kent says "GARR-idge" and his US cousin says "guh-RAHZH".
1	Harry	Harry	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	from	from	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	Kent	Kent	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
4	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	GARR	garr	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	idge	idge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
11	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
12	US	US	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	cousin	cousin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
14	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
15	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	guh	guh	INTJ	UH	_	18	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	RAHZH	RAHZH	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | Harry from Kent |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | Harry's US cousin |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Who's right?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:french:36-english-words-that-came-from-french:t10:2
# text = Who's right?
1	Who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	3	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | right *property* | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Only the cousin, the American way

```conllu
# sent_id = question:french:36-english-words-that-came-from-french:t10:o1:1
# text = Only the cousin, the American way
1	Only	only	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	cousin	cousin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	American	American	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	appos	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Both are fine in English; French says "ga-RAZH"

```conllu
# sent_id = question:french:36-english-words-that-came-from-french:t10:o2:1
# text = Both are fine in English; French says "ga-RAZH"
1	Both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	fine	fine	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	English	English	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	French	French	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
9	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	ga	ga	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	RAZH	RAZH	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Both |  |  | English |  | fine *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | French | ga |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent ga=Topic |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Only Harry, the British way

```conllu
# sent_id = question:french:36-english-words-that-came-from-french:t10:o3:1
# text = Only Harry, the British way
1	Only	only	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	Harry	Harry	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	British	British	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Neither, it's "GAR-age" with a hard g

```conllu
# sent_id = question:french:36-english-words-that-came-from-french:t10:o4:1
# text = Neither, it's "GAR-age" with a hard g
1	Neither	neither	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
5	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	GAR	gar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	age	age	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	g	G	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | it | GAR age |  |  |  | with a hard g; neither *property* | tree rules |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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