---
title: Why does losing white sea ice make the Arctic warm even faster? — The Arctic and Antarctica · tree and pragmatics
description: Why does losing white sea ice make the Arctic warm even faster? Test 6 · ★ of lesson 15 «The Arctic and Antarctica» of the geography course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Test 6 · ★ · The Arctic and Antarctica

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Why does losing white sea ice make the Arctic warm even faster?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 2 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** losing · **What happens:** lose, make · **To what, where:** white sea ice

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 6 · ★ of lesson 15 «The Arctic and Antarctica» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/geography/15-the-arctic-and-antarctica/#t6).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:15-the-arctic-and-antarctica:t6:1
# text = Why does losing white sea ice make the Arctic warm even faster?
1	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	3	advmod	_	_
2	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	losing	lose	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	csubj	_	_
4	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	make	make	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	Arctic	arctic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	xcomp	_	_
11	even	even	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	faster	fast	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	10	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lose** | present · do-support |  | white sea ice |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ice=Eventuality |
| 2 | **make** | present | losing |  |  |  |  | warm *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Polar bears warm the water

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:15-the-arctic-and-antarctica:t6:o1:1
# text = Polar bears warm the water
1	Polar	polar	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	bears	bear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	warm	warm	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **warm** | present | Polar bears | the water |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent water=Patient |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dark open sea soaks up more sunlight than white ice

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:15-the-arctic-and-antarctica:t6:o2:1
# text = Dark open sea soaks up more sunlight than white ice
1	Dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
2	open	open	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	soaks	soak	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	up	up	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
6	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	7	amod	_	_
7	sunlight	sunlight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	than	than	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **soak up** | present | Dark open sea | more sunlight |  |  |  | than white ice | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent sunlight=Source |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Melting ice gives off heat

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:15-the-arctic-and-antarctica:t6:o3:1
# text = Melting ice gives off heat
1	Melting	melt	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	amod	_	_
2	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	gives	give	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	off	off	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	heat	heat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **melt** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **give off** | present | Melting ice | heat |  |  |  |  | vn substance\_emission-43.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Source heat=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Sun moves a little closer to the Arctic each year

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:15-the-arctic-and-antarctica:t6:o4:1
# text = The Sun moves a little closer to the Arctic each year
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Sun	Sun	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	moves	move	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	obl:unmarked	_	_
6	closer	close	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	3	xcomp	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	Arctic	Arctic	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
10	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	11	det	_	_
11	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **move** | present | the Sun |  |  |  | year | to the Arctic *result*; close *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to arctic=Result |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [The Arctic and Antarctica, test 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/15-the-arctic-and-antarctica/t5/)
- next →: [The Arctic and Antarctica, test 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/15-the-arctic-and-antarctica/t7/)
- ↑ back to [The Arctic and Antarctica](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/15-the-arctic-and-antarctica/)