---
title: Ascertain the principal consequence of the Sound Dues levied by the… — Straits: Bosporus, Gibraltar, Malacca,… · tree and pragmatics
description: Ascertain the principal consequence of the Sound Dues levied by the Kingdom of Denmark between 1429 and 1857. Exam question 3 of lesson 19 «Straits: Bosporus, Gibraltar, Malacca, Hormuz and the other narrow doors» of the geography course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmat
---

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# Exam question 3 · Straits: Bosporus, Gibraltar, Malacca, Hormuz and the othe…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ascertain the principal consequence of the Sound Dues levied by the Kingdom of Denmark between 1429 and 1857.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you · **What happens:** ascertain, levy · **To what, where:** principal consequence, Sound Dues

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 19 «Straits: Bosporus, Gibraltar, Malacca, Hormuz and the other narrow doors» of the geography course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/geography/19-straits-the-narrow-doors/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:19-straits-the-narrow-doors:e3:1
# text = Ascertain the principal consequence of the Sound Dues levied by the Kingdom of Denmark between 1429 and 1857.
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	consequence	consequence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	Sound	Sound	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	Dues	Due	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
9	levied	levy	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	acl	_	_
10	by	by	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	Kingdom	Kingdom	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	obl:agent	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	Denmark	Denmark	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
15	between	between	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	1429	1429	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	9	obl	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	1857	1857	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ascertain** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principal consequence of the Sound Dues |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent consequence=Topic |
| 2 | **levy** | participle |  | the Sound Dues *not said here* |  |  |  | between 1429 | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Øresund was closed to all foreign shipping in perpetuity, and the Baltic trade consequently ceased

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:19-straits-the-narrow-doors:e3:o1:1
# text = The Øresund was closed to all foreign shipping in perpetuity, and the Baltic trade consequently ceased
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Øresund	Øresund	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	closed	close	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	det	_	_
7	foreign	foreign	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	shipping	shipping	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	perpetuity	perpetuity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	Baltic	baltic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	trade	trade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj:pass	_	_
16	consequently	consequently	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
17	ceased	cease	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **close** | past · passive |  | the Øresund | all foreign shipping in perpetuity |  |  |  | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: subject=Patient to shipping=Recipient |
| 2 | **cease** | participle · passive |  | the Baltic trade |  |  |  | consequently *property* | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: subject=Eventuality |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Swedish vessels were exempted from all tolls and thereby obtained a monopoly of the Baltic trade

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:19-straits-the-narrow-doors:e3:o2:1
# text = Swedish vessels were exempted from all tolls and thereby obtained a monopoly of the Baltic trade
1	Swedish	Swedish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	vessels	vessel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	exempted	exempt	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	7	det	_	_
7	tolls	toll	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	thereby	thereby	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	obtained	obtain	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	monopoly	monopoly	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	Baltic	baltic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	trade	trade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **exempt** | past · passive |  | Swedish vessels |  | all tolls |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **obtain** | past |  | a monopoly of the Baltic trade |  |  |  | thereby *property* | vn obtain-13.5.2-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset monopoly=Theme |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Every foreign vessel transiting the Øresund was obliged to pay a toll, a substantial source of Danish revenue

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:19-straits-the-narrow-doors:e3:o3:1
# text = Every foreign vessel transiting the Øresund was obliged to pay a toll, a substantial source of Danish revenue
1	Every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	3	det	_	_
2	foreign	foreign	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	vessel	vessel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	transiting	transit	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	acl	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	Øresund	Øresund	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	obliged	oblige	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	ccomp	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	pay	pay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	xcomp	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	toll	toll	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	substantial	substantial	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	source	source	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	Danish	danish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	revenue	revenue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **transit** | gerund | every foreign vessel and a substantial source of Danish revenue *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **oblige** | past · passive |  | the Øresund |  |  |  |  | vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: subject=Patient clause=Result |
| 3 | **pay** | to-infinitive |  | a toll |  |  |  |  | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent toll=Asset |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Danish vessels were prohibited from entering the Baltic Sea, which thereby passed under Swedish control

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:19-straits-the-narrow-doors:e3:o4:1
# text = Danish vessels were prohibited from entering the Baltic Sea, which thereby passed under Swedish control
1	Danish	danish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	vessels	vessel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	prohibited	prohibit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	from	from	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	entering	enter	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	Baltic	Baltic	PROPN	NNP	_	9	compound	_	_
9	Sea	Sea	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	nsubj	_	_
12	thereby	thereby	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	passed	pass	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	acl:relcl	_	_
14	under	under	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	Swedish	Swedish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	control	control	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **prohibit** | past · passive |  | Danish vessels |  |  |  |  | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **enter** | gerund |  |  | the Baltic Sea |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme sea=Destination |
| 3 | **pass** | past | the Baltic Sea |  |  | Swedish control |  | thereby *property* | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme under control=Location |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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