---
title: It is given that an observer in the northern hemisphere measures the… — Directions, latitude and longitude · tree and pragmatics
description: It is given that an observer in the northern hemisphere measures the Pole Star at an elevation of fifty degrees. Determine the observer's approximate latitude. Exam question 4 of lesson 2 «Directions, latitude and longitude» of the geography course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree 
---

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# Exam question 4 · Directions, latitude and longitude

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is given that an observer in the northern hemisphere measures the Pole Star at an elevation of fifty degrees. Determine the observer's approximate latitude.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** observer, you · **What happens:** give, measure, elevate, determine · **To what, where:** It, Pole Star, elevation, fifty degrees, approximate latitude

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 4 of lesson 2 «Directions, latitude and longitude» of the geography course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/geography/2-directions-latitude-and-longitude/#e4).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* It is given that an observer in the northern hemisphere measures the Pole Star at an elevation of fifty degrees.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:2-directions-latitude-and-longitude:e4:1
# text = It is given that an observer in the northern hemisphere measures the Pole Star at an elevation of fifty degrees.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
5	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	observer	observer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	northern	northern	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	hemisphere	hemisphere	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
11	measures	measure	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	Pole	Pole	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	Star	Star	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
15	at	at	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	elevation	elevation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	fifty	fifty	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	20	nummod	_	_
20	degrees	degree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present · passive |  | It |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **measure** | present | a observer in the northern hemisphere | the Pole Star |  | a elevation of fifty degrees |  |  | vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP PP.value»: agent=Agent star=Theme at elevation=Value |
| 3 | **elevate** |  |  | fifty degrees |  |  |  |  | nom elevation «event transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Determine the observer's approximate latitude.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:2-directions-latitude-and-longitude:e4:2
# text = Determine the observer's approximate latitude.
1	Determine	determine	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	observer	observer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	's	's	PART	POS	_	3	case	_	_
5	approximate	approximate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	latitude	latitude	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **determine** | imperative | you *not said here* | the observer's approximate latitude |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent latitude=Topic |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fifty degrees north

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:2-directions-latitude-and-longitude:e4:o1:1
# text = Fifty degrees north
1	Fifty	fifty	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	degrees	degree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	north	north	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Forty degrees north

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:2-directions-latitude-and-longitude:e4:o2:1
# text = Forty degrees north
1	Forty	forty	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	degrees	degree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	north	north	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fifty degrees south

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:2-directions-latitude-and-longitude:e4:o3:1
# text = Fifty degrees south
1	Fifty	fifty	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	degrees	degree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	south	south	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ninety degrees north

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:2-directions-latitude-and-longitude:e4:o4:1
# text = Ninety degrees north
1	Ninety	ninety	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	degrees	degree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	north	north	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Directions, latitude and longitude, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/2-directions-latitude-and-longitude/e3/)
- next →: [Projections: why Greenland looks huge, test 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/3-projections-why-greenland-looks-huge/t1/)
- ↑ back to [Directions, latitude and longitude](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/2-directions-latitude-and-longitude/)