---
title: Identify the principal function of a lock upon a canal. — Canals: Suez, Panama and the shortcuts · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the principal function of a lock upon a canal. Exam question 1 of lesson 20 «Canals: Suez, Panama and the shortcuts» of the geography course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Exam question 1 · Canals: Suez, Panama and the shortcuts

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the principal function of a lock upon a canal.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you · **What happens:** identify · **To what, where:** principal function

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 20 «Canals: Suez, Panama and the shortcuts» of the geography course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/geography/20-canals-suez-panama-and-the-shortcuts/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:20-canals-suez-panama-and-the-shortcuts:e1:1
# text = Identify the principal function of a lock upon a canal.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	function	function	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	lock	lock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	canal	canal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principal function of a lock |  |  |  | upon a canal | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent function=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The storage of cargo in secure chambers during the hours of darkness

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:20-canals-suez-panama-and-the-shortcuts:e1:o1:1
# text = The storage of cargo in secure chambers during the hours of darkness
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	storage	storage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	cargo	cargo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	secure	secure	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	chambers	chamber	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
8	during	during	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	hours	hour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	darkness	darkness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **store** |  |  | cargo |  | secure chambers during the hours of darkness |  |  | nom storage «act transitive»: of=patient in=place |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The elevation of bridges for the passage of tall vessels

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:20-canals-suez-panama-and-the-shortcuts:e1:o2:1
# text = The elevation of bridges for the passage of tall vessels
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	elevation	elevation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	bridges	bridge	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	passage	passage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	tall	tall	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	vessels	vessel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **elevate** |  |  | bridges |  |  |  | for the passage of tall vessels | nom elevation «event transitive»: of=patient for=obl |
| 2 | **pass** |  | tall vessels |  |  |  |  |  | nom passage «act intransitive»: of=agent |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The raising or lowering of vessels between stretches of water situated at differing levels

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:20-canals-suez-panama-and-the-shortcuts:e1:o3:1
# text = The raising or lowering of vessels between stretches of water situated at differing levels
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	raising	raising	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	lowering	lowering	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	vessels	vessel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
7	between	between	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	stretches	stretch	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
11	situated	situate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	acl	_	_
12	at	at	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	differing	differing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	levels	level	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **situate** | participle |  | water *not said here* |  | differing levels |  |  | vn put-9.1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent at level=Destination |
| 2 | **raise** |  |  | vessels between stretches of water |  |  |  |  | nom raising «event transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The prevention of vessels from departing the canal prior to the payment of the requisite toll

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:20-canals-suez-panama-and-the-shortcuts:e1:o4:1
# text = The prevention of vessels from departing the canal prior to the payment of the requisite toll
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	prevention	prevention	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	vessels	vessel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
5	from	from	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	departing	depart	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	acl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	canal	canal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	prior	prior	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	12	case	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	fixed	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	payment	payment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	requisite	requisite	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	toll	toll	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **depart** | gerund | the prevention of vessels *not said here* | the canal |  |  |  | prior the payment of the requisite toll | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme canal=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **prevent** |  |  | vessels |  |  |  |  | nom prevention «act transitive»: of=patient |
| 3 | **pay** |  |  | the requisite toll |  |  |  |  | nom payment «possession transitive»: of=patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Canals: Suez, Panama and the shortcuts, test 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/20-canals-suez-panama-and-the-shortcuts/t11/)
- next →: [Canals: Suez, Panama and the shortcuts, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/20-canals-suez-panama-and-the-shortcuts/e2/)
- ↑ back to [Canals: Suez, Panama and the shortcuts](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/20-canals-suez-panama-and-the-shortcuts/)