---
title: Melting ice on land raises the sea, but melting floating sea ice bar… — Weather, storms and the changing climate · tree and pragmatics
description: Melting ice on land raises the sea, but melting floating sea ice barely does. Why? Test 8 · ★★ of lesson 23 «Weather, storms and the changing climate» of the geography course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong
---

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# Test 8 · ★★ · Weather, storms and the changing climate

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Melting ice on land raises the sea, but melting floating sea ice barely does. Why?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** Melting ice, melting · **What happens:** melt, raise, float, do · **To what, where:** sea, floating sea ice

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 8 · ★★ of lesson 23 «Weather, storms and the changing climate» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/geography/23-weather-storms-and-the-changing-climate/#t8).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Melting ice on land raises the sea, but melting floating sea ice barely does.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:23-weather-storms-and-the-changing-climate:t8:1
# text = Melting ice on land raises the sea, but melting floating sea ice barely does.
1	Melting	melt	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	amod	_	_
2	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	on	on	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	raises	raise	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
9	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
10	melting	melt	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	15	csubj	_	_
11	floating	float	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	13	amod	_	_
12	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
14	barely	barely	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
15	does	do	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **melt** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **raise** | present | Melting ice on land | the sea |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sea=Theme |
| 3 | **melt** | gerund |  | floating sea ice |  |  |  | barely *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient ice=Result |
| 4 | **float** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **do** | present | melting |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Why?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:23-weather-storms-and-the-changing-climate:t8:2
# text = Why?
1	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sea ice is made of fresh water, which simply vanishes when it melts

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:23-weather-storms-and-the-changing-climate:t8:o1:1
# text = Sea ice is made of fresh water, which simply vanishes when it melts
1	Sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	fresh	fresh	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj	_	_
10	simply	simply	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	vanishes	vanish	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
12	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	14	mark	_	_
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	melts	melt	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present · passive |  | Sea ice |  |  |  | of fresh water | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |
| 2 | **vanish** | present | fresh water |  |  |  |  | simply *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **melt** | present | ice |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sea ice melts into the air, not into the sea

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:23-weather-storms-and-the-changing-climate:t8:o2:1
# text = Sea ice melts into the air, not into the sea
1	Sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	melts	melt	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	into	into	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
9	into	into	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	parataxis	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **melt** | present | Sea ice |  |  | the air |  |  | vn knead-26.5 «NP.material V PP.product»: agent=Material into air=Product |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Floating ice already pushes aside its own weight of water

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:23-weather-storms-and-the-changing-climate:t8:o3:1
# text = Floating ice already pushes aside its own weight of water
1	Floating	float	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	amod	_	_
2	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	already	already	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	pushes	push	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	aside	aside	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
7	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	weight	weight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **float** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **push** | present | Floating ice | ice's own weight of water |  |  |  | aside *property* | vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent weight=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Land ice is much colder and bigger per drop

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:23-weather-storms-and-the-changing-climate:t8:o4:1
# text = Land ice is much colder and bigger per drop
1	Land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	much	much	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	colder	cold	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	bigger	big	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	5	conj	_	_
8	per	per	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	drop	drop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Land ice |  |  |  |  | per drop; cold *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | Land ice *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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