---
title: Japan has lots of old people and few babies. Why might it worry? — Population and cities · tree and pragmatics
description: Japan has lots of old people and few babies. Why might it worry? Test 6 of lesson 24 «Population and cities» of the geography course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Test 6 · Population and cities

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Japan has lots of old people and few babies. Why might it worry?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** Japan, it · **What happens:** have, worry · **To what, where:** lots

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 6 of lesson 24 «Population and cities» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/geography/24-population-and-cities/#t6).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Japan has lots of old people and few babies.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:24-population-and-cities:t6:1
# text = Japan has lots of old people and few babies.
1	Japan	Japan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	lots	lot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	few	few	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	babies	baby	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Japan | lots of old people and few babies |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lot=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Why might it worry?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:24-population-and-cities:t6:2
# text = Why might it worry?
1	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	4	advmod	_	_
2	might	might	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	worry	worry	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **worry** | might | it |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP-PRO-ARB»: agent=Stimulus |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fewer young workers to look after everyone later

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:24-population-and-cities:t6:o1:1
# text = Fewer young workers to look after everyone later
1	Fewer	few	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	3	amod	_	_
2	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	workers	worker	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	look	look	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	acl	_	_
6	after	after	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	everyone	everyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	5	obl	_	_
8	later	late	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	5	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  | after everyone | late *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The country will get bigger in size

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:24-population-and-cities:t6:o2:1
# text = The country will get bigger in size
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	bigger	big	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	4	xcomp	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	size	size	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | future | the country |  |  | size |  | big *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Old people use up all the land, so no new homes can ever be built

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:24-population-and-cities:t6:o3:1
# text = Old people use up all the land, so no new homes can ever be built
1	Old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	use	use	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	up	up	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	7	det:predet	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
9	so	so	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
10	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	12	det	_	_
11	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	homes	home	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nsubj:pass	_	_
13	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
14	ever	ever	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	16	advmod	_	_
15	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	aux:pass	_	_
16	built	build	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use up** | present | Old people | all land |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **build** | can · passive |  | no new homes |  |  | ever |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Babies are not allowed in Japan

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:24-population-and-cities:t6:o4:1
# text = Babies are not allowed in Japan
1	Babies	baby	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	allowed	allow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Japan	Japan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **allow** | present · passive |  | Babies |  | Japan |  |  | vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Beneficiary |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Population and cities, test 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/24-population-and-cities/t5/)
- next →: [Population and cities, test 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/24-population-and-cities/t7/)
- ↑ back to [Population and cities](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/24-population-and-cities/)