---
title: An Arab, an Indian and a Chinese trader meet in a port. What helps t… — Languages and peoples on the map · tree and pragmatics
description: An Arab, an Indian and a Chinese trader meet in a port. What helps them talk? Test 10 of lesson 25 «Languages and peoples on the map» of the geography course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Test 10 · Languages and peoples on the map

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An Arab, an Indian and a Chinese trader meet in a port. What helps them talk?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** them · **What happens:** help, talk · **To what, where:** them

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This is test 10 of lesson 25 «Languages and peoples on the map» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/geography/25-languages-and-peoples-on-the-map/#t10).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* An Arab, an Indian and a Chinese trader meet in a port.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:25-languages-and-peoples-on-the-map:t10:1
# text = An Arab, an Indian and a Chinese trader meet in a port.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Arab	Arab	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Indian	Indian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
8	Chinese	Chinese	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
9	trader	trader	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	meet	meet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	port	port	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What helps them talk?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:25-languages-and-peoples-on-the-map:t10:2
# text = What helps them talk?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	2	nsubj	_	_
2	helps	help	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	talk	talk	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | present |  | them *= they* |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent they=Beneficiary clause=Theme |
| 2 | **talk** | infinitive | them *= they* *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A family of languages

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:25-languages-and-peoples-on-the-map:t10:o1:1
# text = A family of languages
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	languages	language	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A shared trade language, a lingua franca

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:25-languages-and-peoples-on-the-map:t10:o2:1
# text = A shared trade language, a lingua franca
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	shared	share	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	amod	_	_
3	trade	trade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	language	language	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	lingua	lingua	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	franca	franca	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	appos	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **share** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Each speaking his own language louder

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:25-languages-and-peoples-on-the-map:t10:o3:1
# text = Each speaking his own language louder
1	Each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	5	det	_	_
2	speaking	speak	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	nsubj	_	_
3	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
4	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	language	language	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	louder	loud	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	5	amod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A different alphabet

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:25-languages-and-peoples-on-the-map:t10:o4:1
# text = A different alphabet
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	different	different	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	alphabet	alphabet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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