---
title: It is given that the sugar plantations of Brazil and the Caribbean r… — Food and farming around the world · tree and pragmatics
description: It is given that the sugar plantations of Brazil and the Caribbean required great quantities of labour. Ascertain by whom this labour was principally performed. Exam question 4 of lesson 26 «Food and farming around the world» of the geography course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree
---

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# Exam question 4 · Food and farming around the world

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is given that the sugar plantations of Brazil and the Caribbean required great quantities of labour. Ascertain by whom this labour was principally performed.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** sugar plantations, you · **What happens:** give, require, ascertain, perform · **To what, where:** It, great quantities, labour

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 4 of lesson 26 «Food and farming around the world» of the geography course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/geography/26-food-and-farming-around-the-world/#e4).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* It is given that the sugar plantations of Brazil and the Caribbean required great quantities of labour.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:26-food-and-farming-around-the-world:e4:1
# text = It is given that the sugar plantations of Brazil and the Caribbean required great quantities of labour.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	sugar	sugar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	plantations	plantation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nsubj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Brazil	Brazil	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	Caribbean	Caribbean	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
13	required	require	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
14	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	quantities	quantity	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obj	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	labour	labour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present · passive |  | It |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **require** | past | the sugar plantations of Brazil and the Caribbean | great quantities of labour |  |  |  |  | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme quantity=Precondition |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Ascertain by whom this labour was principally performed.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:26-food-and-farming-around-the-world:e4:2
# text = Ascertain by whom this labour was principally performed.
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	by	by	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	whom	whom	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	1	obl	_	_
4	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	5	det	_	_
5	labour	labour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
7	principally	principally	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	performed	perform	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ascertain** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **perform** | past · passive |  | this labour |  |  |  | principally *property* | vn performance-26.7 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Nomadic herders from the Asian steppe

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:26-food-and-farming-around-the-world:e4:o1:1
# text = Nomadic herders from the Asian steppe
1	Nomadic	nomadic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	herders	herder	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	Asian	Asian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	steppe	steppe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Steam-driven machinery introduced in 1492

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:26-food-and-farming-around-the-world:e4:o2:1
# text = Steam-driven machinery introduced in 1492
1	Steam	steam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	1	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	driven	drive	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	amod	_	_
4	machinery	machinery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	introduced	introduce	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	1492	1492	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drive** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **introduce** | participle |  | Steam driven machinery *not said here* |  | 1492 |  |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-3-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Salaried agricultural labourers who emigrated from Europe

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:26-food-and-farming-around-the-world:e4:o3:1
# text = Salaried agricultural labourers who emigrated from Europe
1	Salaried	salary	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	labourers	labourer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj	_	_
5	emigrated	emigrate	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Europe	Europe	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **salary** | past |  | agricultural labourers |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **emigrate** | past | agricultural labourers |  |  | Europe |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from europe=Initial\_Location |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Enslaved persons forcibly transported from Africa

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:26-food-and-farming-around-the-world:e4:o4:1
# text = Enslaved persons forcibly transported from Africa
1	Enslaved	enslave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	amod	_	_
2	persons	person	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	forcibly	forcibly	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	transported	transport	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Africa	Africa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **enslave** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **transport** | past | Enslaved persons |  |  | Africa |  | forcibly *property* | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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