---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — The Atlantic routes and the slave trade · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the Middle Passage? Exam question 2 of lesson 30 «The Atlantic routes and the slave trade» of the geography course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was w
---

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# Exam question 2 · The Atlantic routes and the slave trade

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the Middle Passage?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris · **To what, where:** Middle Passage

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 30 «The Atlantic routes and the slave trade» of the geography course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/geography/30-the-atlantic-routes-and-the-slave-trade/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:30-the-atlantic-routes-and-the-slave-trade:e2:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the Middle Passage?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	Middle	Middle	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	Passage	Passage	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the Middle Passage |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A route of the overland trade between China and Persia

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:30-the-atlantic-routes-and-the-slave-trade:e2:o1:1
# text = A route of the overland trade between China and Persia
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	route	route	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	overland	overland	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	trade	trade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
7	between	between	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	China	China	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	Persia	Persia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The strait separating the continent of Africa from Arabia

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:30-the-atlantic-routes-and-the-slave-trade:e2:o2:1
# text = The strait separating the continent of Africa from Arabia
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	strait	strait	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	separating	separate	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	acl	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	continent	continent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Africa	Africa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Arabia	Arabia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **separate** | gerund | the strait *not said here* | the continent of Africa |  |  |  | from Arabia | vn separate-23.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent continent=Patient from arabia=Co-Patient |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The crossing in which enslaved Africans were transported, in appalling conditions, to the Americas

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:30-the-atlantic-routes-and-the-slave-trade:e2:o3:1
# text = The crossing in which enslaved Africans were transported, in appalling conditions, to the Americas
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	crossing	crossing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj	_	_
5	enslaved	enslave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
6	Africans	African	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
7	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	transported	transport	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	appalling	appalling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	conditions	condition	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	to	to	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	Americas	AMERICAS	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **enslave** | past | the crossing | Africans |  |  |  |  | vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent african=Patient |
| 2 | **transport** | past · passive |  | the crossing | the Americas | appalling conditions |  |  | vn send-11.1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme to americas=Destination |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The return voyage of merchant vessels laden with sugar and tobacco from the Americas to Europe

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:30-the-atlantic-routes-and-the-slave-trade:e2:o4:1
# text = The return voyage of merchant vessels laden with sugar and tobacco from the Americas to Europe
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	return	return	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	voyage	voyage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	merchant	merchant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	vessels	vessel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
7	laden	laden	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	sugar	sugar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	tobacco	tobacco	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
12	from	from	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	Americas	AMERICAS	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
15	to	to	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	Europe	Europe	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **laden** | present | the return voyage of merchant vessels |  |  | the Americas to Europe |  | with sugar and tobacco | tree rules |
| 2 | **voyage** |  |  | merchant vessels |  |  |  |  | nom voyage «act transitive»: of=patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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