---
title: How did the slave trade harm Africa, not only the people taken? — The Atlantic routes and the slave trade · tree and pragmatics
description: How did the slave trade harm Africa, not only the people taken? Test 10 · ★ of lesson 30 «The Atlantic routes and the slave trade» of the geography course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Test 10 · ★ · The Atlantic routes and the slave trade

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
How did the slave trade harm Africa, not only the people taken?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** do, take · **To what, where:** trade harm, people

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 10 · ★ of lesson 30 «The Atlantic routes and the slave trade» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/geography/30-the-atlantic-routes-and-the-slave-trade/#t10).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:30-the-atlantic-routes-and-the-slave-trade:t10:1
# text = How did the slave trade harm Africa, not only the people taken?
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	2	advmod	_	_
2	did	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
4	slave	slave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	trade	trade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	harm	harm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
7	Africa	Africa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	12	advmod	_	_
10	only	only	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	parataxis	_	_
13	taken	take	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | past |  | the trade harm |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent harm=Eventuality |
| 2 | **take** | participle |  | the people *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It ended all trade with Africa

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:30-the-atlantic-routes-and-the-slave-trade:t10:o1:1
# text = It ended all trade with Africa
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	ended	end	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	4	nsubj	_	_
4	trade	trade	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Africa	Africa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **end** | past | It |  |  |  |  | with Africa | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **trade** | present | all |  |  |  |  |  | vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It brought wars and raids and drained kingdoms like Kongo

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:30-the-atlantic-routes-and-the-slave-trade:t10:o2:1
# text = It brought wars and raids and drained kingdoms like Kongo
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	brought	bring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	wars	war	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	raids	raid	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	drained	drain	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
8	kingdoms	kingdom	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
9	like	like	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	Kongo	Kongo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bring** | past | It | wars and raids |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent war=Theme |
| 2 | **drain** | past |  | kingdoms |  |  |  | like Kongo | vn clear-10.3-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent kingdom=Source |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It made every African kingdom grow larger and richer

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:30-the-atlantic-routes-and-the-slave-trade:t10:o3:1
# text = It made every African kingdom grow larger and richer
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	5	det	_	_
4	African	African	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	kingdom	kingdom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	grow	grow	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	xcomp	_	_
7	larger	large	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	2	xcomp	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	richer	rich	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	7	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | It | every African kingdom |  |  |  | large *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **grow** | present | every African kingdom *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It only affected the Americas, never Africa itself

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:30-the-atlantic-routes-and-the-slave-trade:t10:o4:1
# text = It only affected the Americas, never Africa itself
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	only	only	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	affected	affect	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Americas	AMERICAS	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	8	advmod	_	_
8	Africa	Africa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
9	itself	itself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Emp|Reflex=Yes	8	nmod:unmarked	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **affect** | past | It | the Americas |  |  |  | Africa  itself *obl* | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus americas=Experiencer |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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