---
title: my mate says the Spanish won cos guns are op. that the main reason? — The people who were already there: wha… · tree and pragmatics
description: my mate says the Spanish won cos guns are op. that the main reason? Test 2 · ★★ of lesson 36 «The people who were already there: what colonisation did» of the geography course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was righ
---

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# Test 2 · ★★ · The people who were already there: what colonisation did

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
my mate says the Spanish won cos guns are op. that the main reason?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** mate, Spanish, cos guns · **What happens:** say, win, be · **To what, where:** op · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 2 · ★★ of lesson 36 «The people who were already there: what colonisation did» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/geography/36-the-people-who-were-already-there/#t2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:36-the-people-who-were-already-there:t2:1
# text = my mate says the Spanish won cos guns are op. that the main reason?
1	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	mate	mate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Spanish	Spanish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	nsubj	_	_
6	won	win	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
7	cos	cos	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	guns	gun	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
9	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	op	op	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
12	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	main	main	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | my mate |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **win** | past | the Spanish |  |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is a** | present | cos guns | op |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No, disease killed far more, and they had many Indigenous allies

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:36-the-people-who-were-already-there:t2:o1:1
# text = No, disease killed far more, and they had many Indigenous allies
1	No	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	4	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	disease	disease	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	killed	kill	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	6	advmod	_	_
6	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
11	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
12	Indigenous	indigenous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	allies	ally	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **kill** | past | disease | more |  |  |  |  | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent more=Theme |
| 2 | **have** | past | they | many Indigenous allies |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ally=Patient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, guns alone killed nearly everyone, there was no other reason at all

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:36-the-people-who-were-already-there:t2:o2:1
# text = Yes, guns alone killed nearly everyone, there was no other reason at all
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	3	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	guns	gun	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
4	alone	alone	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	killed	kill	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	nearly	nearly	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	everyone	everyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	13	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	10	expl	_	_
10	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
11	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	13	det	_	_
12	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	acl:relcl	_	_
14	at	at	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	13	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **kill** | past |  | guns |  |  |  | alone *property* | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **is a** | past | everyone | no other reason |  | all |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, Indigenous peoples had no weapons at all

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:36-the-people-who-were-already-there:t2:o3:1
# text = Yes, Indigenous peoples had no weapons at all
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	5	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
3	Indigenous	indigenous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	peoples	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	7	det	_	_
7	weapons	weapon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | Indigenous peoples | no weapons |  | all |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent weapon=Patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No, the Indigenous peoples simply left

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:36-the-people-who-were-already-there:t2:o4:1
# text = No, the Indigenous peoples simply left
1	No	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	7	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	Indigenous	indigenous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	peoples	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
6	simply	simply	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	left	leave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | past | the Indigenous peoples |  |  |  |  | simply *property* | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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