---
title: A friend says Australia's history starts in 1788. What is wrong? — The people who were already there: wha… · tree and pragmatics
description: A friend says Australia's history starts in 1788. What is wrong? Test 5 · ★★ of lesson 36 «The people who were already there: what colonisation did» of the geography course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Test 5 · ★★ · The people who were already there: what colonisation did

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A friend says Australia's history starts in 1788. What is wrong?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** friend, history · **What happens:** say, start, be · **To what, where:** 1788 · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 5 · ★★ of lesson 36 «The people who were already there: what colonisation did» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/geography/36-the-people-who-were-already-there/#t5).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* A friend says Australia's history starts in 1788.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:36-the-people-who-were-already-there:t5:1
# text = A friend says Australia's history starts in 1788.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	Australia	Australia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	's	's	PART	POS	_	4	case	_	_
6	history	history	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	starts	start	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	1788	1788	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | a friend |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **start** | present | Australia's history |  |  | 1788 |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What is wrong?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:36-the-people-who-were-already-there:t5:2
# text = What is wrong?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | wrong *property* | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Aboriginal peoples had lived there for tens of thousands of years

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:36-the-people-who-were-already-there:t5:o1:1
# text = Aboriginal peoples had lived there for tens of thousands of years
1	Aboriginal	aboriginal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	peoples	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	lived	live	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	tens	ten	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	thousands	thousand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | past · perfect | Aboriginal peoples |  |  | there |  | for tens of thousands of years | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It started in 1492 with Columbus

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:36-the-people-who-were-already-there:t5:o2:1
# text = It started in 1492 with Columbus
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	started	start	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	1492	1492	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	obl	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Columbus	Columbus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **start** | past | It |  |  | 1492 |  | with Columbus | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V PP.subeventuality»: agent=Eventuality with columbus=Subeventuality |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Australia was only found in 1900, by ships from Japan and China

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:36-the-people-who-were-already-there:t5:o3:1
# text = Australia was only found in 1900, by ships from Japan and China
1	Australia	Australia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
3	only	only	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	found	find	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	1900	1900	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	ships	ship	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
10	from	from	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	Japan	Japan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	China	China	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | past · passive |  | Australia |  | 1900 |  | by ships from Japan and China | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Nothing, nobody lived there before

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:36-the-people-who-were-already-there:t5:o4:1
# text = Nothing, nobody lived there before
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	3	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	nobody	nobody	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	4	nsubj	_	_
4	lived	live	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	_
6	before	before	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | past | nobody |  |  | there |  | before *property* | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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