---
title: State the designation conferred upon the year 1960 in respect of the… — How empires fell: the map of the 20th… · tree and pragmatics
description: State the designation conferred upon the year 1960 in respect of the African continent, and the reason therefor. Exam question 2 of lesson 37 «How empires fell: the map of the 20th century» of the geography course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and 
---

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# Exam question 2 · How empires fell: the map of the 20th century

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
State the designation conferred upon the year 1960 in respect of the African continent, and the reason therefor.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you · **What happens:** state, confer, respect · **To what, where:** designation, respect, African continent

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 37 «How empires fell: the map of the 20th century» of the geography course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/geography/37-how-empires-fell-the-map-of-the-20th-century/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:37-how-empires-fell-the-map-of-the-20th-century:e2:1
# text = State the designation conferred upon the year 1960 in respect of the African continent, and the reason therefor.
1	State	state	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	designation	designation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	conferred	confer	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	1960	1960	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	flat	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	respect	respect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	African	African	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	continent	continent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	compound	_	_
19	therefor	therefor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **state** *speech: other* | imperative | you *not said here* | the designation and the reason therefor |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent designation=Topic |
| 2 | **confer** | participle |  | the designation and the reason therefor *not said here* |  | respect of the African continent | year |  | vn chit\_chat-37.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **respect** |  |  | the African continent |  |  |  |  | nom respect «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Year of Empire, Britain having annexed Africa

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:37-how-empires-fell-the-map-of-the-20th-century:e2:o1:1
# text = The Year of Empire, Britain having annexed Africa
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Year	Year	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Empire	Empire	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	Britain	Britain	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
7	having	have	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	aux	_	_
8	annexed	annex	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
9	Africa	Africa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **annex** | gerund · perfect | the Year of Empire and Britain | Africa |  |  |  |  | vn steal-10.5 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent africa=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Year of Union, the African Union having been constituted

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:37-how-empires-fell-the-map-of-the-20th-century:e2:o2:1
# text = The Year of Union, the African Union having been constituted
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Year	Year	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Union	Union	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	African	African	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	Union	Union	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
9	having	have	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	11	aux	_	_
10	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	11	aux:pass	_	_
11	constituted	constitute	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **constitute** | gerund · perfect · passive |  | the Year of Union and the African Union |  |  |  |  | vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Pivot |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Year of Partition, Africa having been divided at Berlin

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:37-how-empires-fell-the-map-of-the-20th-century:e2:o3:1
# text = The Year of Partition, Africa having been divided at Berlin
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Year	Year	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Partition	Partition	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	Africa	Africa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
7	having	have	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	aux	_	_
8	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	divided	divide	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
10	at	at	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	Berlin	Berlin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **divide** | gerund · perfect · passive |  | the Year of Partition and Africa |  | Berlin |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V» |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Year of Africa, seventeen states having attained independence therein

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:37-how-empires-fell-the-map-of-the-20th-century:e2:o4:1
# text = The Year of Africa, seventeen states having attained independence therein
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Year	Year	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Africa	Africa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	seventeen	seventeen	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	states	state	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
8	having	have	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	acl	_	_
9	attained	attain	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	amod	_	_
10	independence	independence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	therein	therein	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | gerund | seventeen states *not said here* | attained independence |  |  |  | therein *property* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent independence=Patient |
| 2 | **attain** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [How empires fell: the map of the 20th…, exam 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/37-how-empires-fell-the-map-of-the-20th-century/e1/)
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- ↑ back to [How empires fell: the map of the 20th century](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/37-how-empires-fell-the-map-of-the-20th-century/)