---
title: In EU5 the colonial map of the Americas looks rock solid in 1836. Wh… — How empires fell: the map of the 20th… · tree and pragmatics
description: In EU5 the colonial map of the Americas looks rock solid in 1836. What is the truth? Test 1 · ★ of lesson 37 «How empires fell: the map of the 20th century» of the geography course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was
---

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# Test 1 · ★ · How empires fell: the map of the 20th century

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In EU5 the colonial map of the Americas looks rock solid in 1836. What is the truth?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** colonial map, truth · **What happens:** look, be · **To what, where:** rock, EU5

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This is test 1 · ★ of lesson 37 «How empires fell: the map of the 20th century» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/geography/37-how-empires-fell-the-map-of-the-20th-century/#t1).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* In EU5 the colonial map of the Americas looks rock solid in 1836.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:37-how-empires-fell-the-map-of-the-20th-century:t1:1
# text = In EU5 the colonial map of the Americas looks rock solid in 1836.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	EU5	EU5	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	colonial	colonial	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	map	map	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	Americas	AMERICAS	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
9	looks	look	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	rock	rock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
11	solid	solid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	1836	1836	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look** | present | the colonial map of the Americas | rock |  | EU5 |  | in 1836 | vn seem-109-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme rock=Attribute |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What is the truth?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:37-how-empires-fell-the-map-of-the-20th-century:t1:2
# text = What is the truth?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	0	root	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	truth	truth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the truth |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Spain still held Brazil

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:37-how-empires-fell-the-map-of-the-20th-century:t1:o1:1
# text = Spain still held Brazil
1	Spain	Spain	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	still	still	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	held	hold	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	Brazil	Brazil	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | past | Spain | Brazil |  |  | still |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent brazil=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The colonies stayed under Spain and Portugal until about 1990

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:37-how-empires-fell-the-map-of-the-20th-century:t1:o2:1
# text = The colonies stayed under Spain and Portugal until about 1990
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	colonies	colony	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	stayed	stay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	under	under	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Spain	Spain	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	Portugal	Portugal	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	until	until	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	about	about	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	1990	1990	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stay** | past | the colonies |  |  | Spain and Portugal | until 1990 |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme under spain=Location |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Most of Spanish America and Brazil were already independent by then

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:37-how-empires-fell-the-map-of-the-20th-century:t1:o3:1
# text = Most of Spanish America and Brazil were already independent by then
1	Most	most	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	9	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	Spanish	Spanish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	America	America	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	Brazil	Brazil	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
7	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
8	already	already	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	independent	independent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
10	by	by	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	9	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | Most of Spanish America and Brazil |  |  |  |  | independent *property* | tree rules |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Americas were empty until 1836

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:37-how-empires-fell-the-map-of-the-20th-century:t1:o4:1
# text = The Americas were empty until 1836
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Americas	AMERICAS	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	empty	empty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	until	until	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	1836	1836	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the Americas |  |  |  | until 1836 | empty *property* | tree rules |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [The people who were already there: wha…, exam 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/36-the-people-who-were-already-there/e4/)
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- ↑ back to [How empires fell: the map of the 20th century](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/37-how-empires-fell-the-map-of-the-20th-century/)