--- title: Why did UN membership jump from 51 in 1945 to more than 140 by 1975? — How empires fell: the map of the 20th… · tree and pragmatics description: Why did UN membership jump from 51 in 1945 to more than 140 by 1975? Test 4 · ★ of lesson 37 «How empires fell: the map of the 20th century» of the geography course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/37-how-empires-fell-the-map-of-the-20th-century/t4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Geography](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/) / [How empires fell: the map of the 20th…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/37-how-empires-fell-the-map-of-the-20th-century/) / t4 # Test 4 · ★ · How empires fell: the map of the 20th century Why did UN membership jump from 51 in 1945 to more than 140 by 1975? **Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 2 · right ✓ · **What happens:** do · **To what, where:** UN membership jump, 51 This is test 4 · ★ of lesson 37 «How empires fell: the map of the 20th century» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/geography/37-how-empires-fell-the-map-of-the-20th-century/#t4). ## The question {#question} ```conllu # sent_id = question:geography:37-how-empires-fell-the-map-of-the-20th-century:t4:1 # text = Why did UN membership jump from 51 in 1945 to more than 140 by 1975? 1 Why why ADV WRB PronType=Int 2 advmod _ _ 2 did do VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 UN UN PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 compound _ _ 4 membership membership NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 compound _ _ 5 jump jump NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj _ _ 6 from from ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 7 51 51 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 2 obl _ _ 8 in in ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 9 1945 1945 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 7 nmod _ _ 10 to to ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 11 more more ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp|ExtPos=ADV 13 advmod _ _ 12 than than ADP IN _ 11 fixed _ _ 13 140 140 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 2 obl _ _ 14 by by ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 15 1975 1975 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 13 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 16 ? ? PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **do** | past | | UN membership jump | | 51 in 1945 | | to 140 by 1975 | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent jump=Eventuality | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 {#o1} Countries split into pieces for fun ```conllu # sent_id = question:geography:37-how-empires-fell-the-map-of-the-20th-century:t4:o1:1 # text = Countries split into pieces for fun 1 Countries country NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ _ 2 split split VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 into into ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 4 pieces piece NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obl _ _ 5 for for ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 fun fun NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **split** | past | Countries | | | | | into pieces *result*; for fun | vn break-45.1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Patient into piece=Result | ### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o2} Many colonies became independent countries and joined ```conllu # sent_id = question:geography:37-how-empires-fell-the-map-of-the-20th-century:t4:o2:1 # text = Many colonies became independent countries and joined 1 Many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 colonies colony NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 became become VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 independent independent ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod _ _ 5 countries country NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 xcomp _ _ 6 and and CCONJ CC _ 7 cc _ _ 7 joined join VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **become** | past | Many colonies | independent countries | | | | | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | | 2 | **join** | past | Many colonies *not said here* | | | | | | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient | ### Option 3 {#o3} Every country joined twice ```conllu # sent_id = question:geography:37-how-empires-fell-the-map-of-the-20th-century:t4:o3:1 # text = Every country joined twice 1 Every every DET DT PronType=Tot 2 det _ _ 2 country country NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 3 joined join VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 2 acl _ _ 4 twice twice ADV RB NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult 3 advmod _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **join** | participle | | every country *not said here* | | | | twice *property* | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient | ### Option 4 {#o4} The UN started letting big cities like London and Tokyo join ```conllu # sent_id = question:geography:37-how-empires-fell-the-map-of-the-20th-century:t4:o4:1 # text = The UN started letting big cities like London and Tokyo join 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 UN UN PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 started start VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 letting let VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 3 xcomp _ _ 5 big big ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 6 cities city NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 nsubj _ _ 7 like like ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 8 London London PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 nmod _ _ 9 and and CCONJ CC _ 10 cc _ _ 10 Tokyo Tokyo PROPN NNP Number=Sing 8 conj _ _ 11 join join VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 xcomp _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **start** | past | the UN | | | | | | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | | 2 | **let** | gerund | the UN *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **join** | present | big cities like London and Tokyo | | | | | | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient | **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License. - ← previous: [How empires fell: the map of the 20th…, test 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/37-how-empires-fell-the-map-of-the-20th-century/t3/) - next →: [How empires fell: the map of the 20th…, test 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/37-how-empires-fell-the-map-of-the-20th-century/t5/) - ↑ back to [How empires fell: the map of the 20th century](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/37-how-empires-fell-the-map-of-the-20th-century/)