--- title: Which happened last? — How empires fell: the map of the 20th… · tree and pragmatics description: Which happened last? Test 8 · ★ of lesson 37 «How empires fell: the map of the 20th century» of the geography course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/37-how-empires-fell-the-map-of-the-20th-century/t8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Geography](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/) / [How empires fell: the map of the 20th…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/37-how-empires-fell-the-map-of-the-20th-century/) / t8 # Test 8 · ★ · How empires fell: the map of the 20th century Which happened last? **Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **What happens:** happen This is test 8 · ★ of lesson 37 «How empires fell: the map of the 20th century» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/geography/37-how-empires-fell-the-map-of-the-20th-century/#t8). ## The question {#question} ```conllu # sent_id = question:geography:37-how-empires-fell-the-map-of-the-20th-century:t8:1 # text = Which happened last? 1 Which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 2 nsubj _ _ 2 happened happen VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 last last ADV RB _ 2 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 4 ? ? PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **happen** | past | | | | | | last *property* | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1} The Soviet Union broke up ```conllu # sent_id = question:geography:37-how-empires-fell-the-map-of-the-20th-century:t8:o1:1 # text = The Soviet Union broke up 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 Soviet Soviet PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 compound _ _ 3 Union Union PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 4 broke break VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 up up ADP RP _ 4 compound:prt _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **break up** | past | the Soviet Union | | | | | | vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | ### Option 2 {#o2} The Ottoman Empire came to an end ```conllu # sent_id = question:geography:37-how-empires-fell-the-map-of-the-20th-century:t8:o2:1 # text = The Ottoman Empire came to an end 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 Ottoman Ottoman PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 compound _ _ 3 Empire Empire PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 4 came come VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 to to ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 end end NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **come** | past | the Ottoman Empire | | | | to a end | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to end=Initial\_Location | ### Option 3 {#o3} India won independence ```conllu # sent_id = question:geography:37-how-empires-fell-the-map-of-the-20th-century:t8:o3:1 # text = India won independence 1 India India PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ _ 2 won win VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 independence independence NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **win** | past | India | independence | | | | | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent independence=Eventuality | ### Option 4 {#o4} The Year of Africa ```conllu # sent_id = question:geography:37-how-empires-fell-the-map-of-the-20th-century:t8:o4:1 # text = The Year of Africa 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 Year Year PROPN NNP Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 3 of of ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 4 Africa Africa PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 nmod _ _ ``` The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence. **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License. - ← previous: [How empires fell: the map of the 20th…, test 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/37-how-empires-fell-the-map-of-the-20th-century/t7/) - next →: [How empires fell: the map of the 20th…, test 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/37-how-empires-fell-the-map-of-the-20th-century/t9/) - ↑ back to [How empires fell: the map of the 20th century](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/37-how-empires-fell-the-map-of-the-20th-century/)