---
title: State the cause whereby the port of Bruges ceased to be a principal… — The game map and the real map: what EU… · tree and pragmatics
description: State the cause whereby the port of Bruges ceased to be a principal centre of maritime trade. Exam question 4 of lesson 40 «The game map and the real map: what EU5 simplifies» of the geography course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/40-the-game-map-and-the-real-map-what-eu5-simplifies/e4/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Geography](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/) / [The game map and the real map: what EU…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/40-the-game-map-and-the-real-map-what-eu5-simplifies/) / e4

# Exam question 4 · The game map and the real map: what EU5 simplifies

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
State the cause whereby the port of Bruges ceased to be a principal centre of maritime trade.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, port · **What happens:** state, cease, be · **To what, where:** cause, principal centre

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 4 of lesson 40 «The game map and the real map: what EU5 simplifies» of the geography course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/geography/40-the-game-map-and-the-real-map-what-eu5-simplifies/#e4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:40-the-game-map-and-the-real-map-what-eu5-simplifies:e4:1
# text = State the cause whereby the port of Bruges ceased to be a principal centre of maritime trade.
1	State	state	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	cause	cause	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	whereby	whereby	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	9	advmod	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	port	port	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Bruges	Bruges	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	ceased	cease	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	14	mark	_	_
11	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	cop	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	centre	centre	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	ccomp	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	maritime	maritime	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	trade	trade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **state** *speech: other* | imperative | you *not said here* | the cause |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent cause=Topic |
| 2 | **cease** | past | the port of Bruges |  |  |  |  | whereby *property* | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 3 | **is a** | to-infinitive | the port of Bruges *not said here* | a principal centre |  |  |  | of maritime trade | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The submersion of the city beneath the sea

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:40-the-game-map-and-the-real-map-what-eu5-simplifies:e4:o1:1
# text = The submersion of the city beneath the sea
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	submersion	submersion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	beneath	beneath	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **submerse** |  |  | the city |  |  |  | beneath the sea | nom submersion «event transitive»: of=patient beneath=obl |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The silting of its channel to the sea

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:40-the-game-map-and-the-real-map-what-eu5-simplifies:e4:o2:1
# text = The silting of its channel to the sea
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	silting	silt	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	channel	channel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **silt** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | of its channel; to the sea | tree rules |
| 2 | **channel** |  | its *= it* |  |  |  |  |  | nom channel «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The relocation of the city to the Kingdom of Spain

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:40-the-game-map-and-the-real-map-what-eu5-simplifies:e4:o3:1
# text = The relocation of the city to the Kingdom of Spain
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	relocation	relocation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	Kingdom	Kingdom	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	Spain	Spain	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **relocate** |  |  | the city to the Kingdom of Spain |  |  |  |  | nom relocation «act transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A prohibition on shipping issued by Napoleon

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:40-the-game-map-and-the-real-map-what-eu5-simplifies:e4:o4:1
# text = A prohibition on shipping issued by Napoleon
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	prohibition	prohibition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	on	on	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	shipping	shipping	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	issued	issue	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Napoleon	Napoleon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **issue** | participle |  | a prohibition on shipping *not said here* |  |  |  | by Napoleon | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by napoleon=Location |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [The game map and the real map: what EU…, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/40-the-game-map-and-the-real-map-what-eu5-simplifies/e3/)
- next →: [Inside the Earth, test 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/41-inside-the-earth/t1/)
- ↑ back to [The game map and the real map: what EU5 simplifies](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/40-the-game-map-and-the-real-map-what-eu5-simplifies/)