---
title: Why is the Earth still hot inside after billions of years? — Inside the Earth · tree and pragmatics
description: Why is the Earth still hot inside after billions of years? Test 11 of lesson 41 «Inside the Earth» of the geography course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Test 11 · Inside the Earth

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Why is the Earth still hot inside after billions of years?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** Earth · **What happens:** be

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 11 of lesson 41 «Inside the Earth» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/geography/41-inside-the-earth/#t11).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:41-inside-the-earth:t11:1
# text = Why is the Earth still hot inside after billions of years?
1	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	6	advmod	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	Earth	Earth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
5	still	still	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
7	inside	inside	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
8	after	after	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	billions	billion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the Earth |  |  |  | after billions of years; still | hot, inside *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Volcanoes pump heat back down into it

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:41-inside-the-earth:t11:o1:1
# text = Volcanoes pump heat back down into it
1	Volcanoes	volcano	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	pump	pump	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	heat	heat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	back	back	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	down	down	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
6	into	into	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pump** | present | Volcanoes | heat |  | heat |  | down *property* | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent heat=Theme into it=Destination |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Radioactive elements keep making heat, and a planet that big cools very slowly

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:41-inside-the-earth:t11:o2:1
# text = Radioactive elements keep making heat, and a planet that big cools very slowly
1	Radioactive	radioactive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	elements	element	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	keep	keep	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	making	make	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	xcomp	_	_
5	heat	heat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	planet	planet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
10	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj	_	_
11	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
12	cools	cool	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
13	very	very	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
14	slowly	slowly	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | present | Radioactive elements |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | gerund | Radioactive elements *not said here* | heat |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset heat=Product |
| 3 | **cool** | present | a planet |  |  |  |  | slowly *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Sun heats it from the inside every day

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:41-inside-the-earth:t11:o3:1
# text = The Sun heats it from the inside every day
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Sun	Sun	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	heats	heat	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	inside	inside	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	9	det	_	_
9	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **heat** | present | the Sun | it |  | the inside | day |  | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent it=Patient |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Burning oil underground keeps it warm

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:41-inside-the-earth:t11:o4:1
# text = Burning oil underground keeps it warm
1	Burning	burn	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	amod	_	_
2	oil	oil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	underground	underground	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	keeps	keep	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	_
6	warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **burn** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **keep** | present | Burning oil | it |  |  |  | underground, warm *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Inside the Earth, test 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/41-inside-the-earth/t10/)
- next →: [Inside the Earth, exam 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/41-inside-the-earth/e1/)
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