--- title: Why did Wegener's idea win in the end? — Plate tectonics · tree and pragmatics description: Why did Wegener's idea win in the end? Test 9 · ★ of lesson 42 «Plate tectonics» of the geography course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/42-plate-tectonics/t9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Geography](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/) / [Plate tectonics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/42-plate-tectonics/) / t9 # Test 9 · ★ · Plate tectonics Why did Wegener's idea win in the end? **Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** idea · **What happens:** do, win · **To what, where:** end This is test 9 · ★ of lesson 42 «Plate tectonics» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/geography/42-plate-tectonics/#t9). ## The question {#question} ```conllu # sent_id = question:geography:42-plate-tectonics:t9:1 # text = Why did Wegener's idea win in the end? 1 Why why ADV WRB PronType=Int 2 advmod _ _ 2 did do VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 Wegener Wegener PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 nmod:poss _ SpaceAfter=No 4 's 's PART POS _ 3 case _ _ 5 idea idea NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ _ 6 win win VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 ccomp _ _ 7 in in ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 end end NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 10 ? ? PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **do** | past | | | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **win** | present | Wegener's idea | | | | in the end | | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V PP.eventuality S\_ING»: agent=Agent in end=Eventuality | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1} Wegener found a map from Roman times that showed the continents joined ```conllu # sent_id = question:geography:42-plate-tectonics:t9:o1:1 # text = Wegener found a map from Roman times that showed the continents joined 1 Wegener Wegener PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ _ 2 found find VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 map map NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj _ _ 5 from from ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 Roman roman ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 amod _ _ 7 times time NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obl _ _ 8 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 9 nsubj _ _ 9 showed show VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 7 acl:relcl _ _ 10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 continents continent NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 obj _ _ 12 joined join VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 11 acl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **find** | past | Wegener | a map | | | time | | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent map=Topic | | 2 | **show** | past | Roman times | the continents | | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent continent=Recipient | | 3 | **join** | participle | | the continents *not said here* | | | | | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient | ### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2} Magnetic stripes on the sea floor showed new crust spreading from the ridges ```conllu # sent_id = question:geography:42-plate-tectonics:t9:o2:1 # text = Magnetic stripes on the sea floor showed new crust spreading from the ridges 1 Magnetic magnetic ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 stripes stripe NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 nsubj _ _ 3 on on ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 5 sea sea NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 compound _ _ 6 floor floor NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 nmod _ _ 7 showed show VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 8 new new ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 amod _ _ 9 crust crust NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obj _ _ 10 spreading spread VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 9 acl _ _ 11 from from ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 ridges ridge NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **show** | past | Magnetic stripes on the sea floor | new crust | | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent crust=Recipient | | 2 | **spread** | gerund | new crust *not said here* | | | the ridges | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ### Option 3 {#o3} Astronauts saw the continents moving ```conllu # sent_id = question:geography:42-plate-tectonics:t9:o3:1 # text = Astronauts saw the continents moving 1 Astronauts astronaut NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ _ 2 saw see VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 continents continent NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obj _ _ 5 moving move VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 4 acl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **see** | past | Astronauts | the continents | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer continent=Stimulus | | 2 | **move** | gerund | the continents *not said here* | | | | | | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme | ### Option 4 {#o4} The idea was voted for by schoolchildren ```conllu # sent_id = question:geography:42-plate-tectonics:t9:o4:1 # text = The idea was voted for by schoolchildren 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 idea idea NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj:pass _ _ 3 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 aux:pass _ _ 4 voted vote VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 5 for for ADP IN _ 4 compound:prt _ _ 6 by by ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 7 schoolchildren schoolchild NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **vote for** | past · passive | schoolchildren | the idea | | | | | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme | **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License. - ← previous: [Plate tectonics, test 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/42-plate-tectonics/t8/) - next →: [Plate tectonics, test 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/42-plate-tectonics/t10/) - ↑ back to [Plate tectonics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/42-plate-tectonics/)