---
title: It is given that substantial deposits of coal are present beneath Gr… — Moving continents: from Pangaea to today · tree and pragmatics
description: It is given that substantial deposits of coal are present beneath Great Britain. Identify the principal reason for their formation. Exam question 3 of lesson 43 «Moving continents: from Pangaea to today» of the geography course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the
---

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# Exam question 3 · Moving continents: from Pangaea to today

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is given that substantial deposits of coal are present beneath Great Britain. Identify the principal reason for their formation.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 3 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** substantial deposits, you · **What happens:** give, be, deposit, identify · **To what, where:** It, coal, principal reason

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 43 «Moving continents: from Pangaea to today» of the geography course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/geography/43-moving-continents-from-pangaea-to-today/#e3).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* It is given that substantial deposits of coal are present beneath Great Britain.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:43-moving-continents-from-pangaea-to-today:e3:1
# text = It is given that substantial deposits of coal are present beneath Great Britain.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
5	substantial	substantial	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	deposits	deposit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	coal	coal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	present	present	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	advcl	_	_
11	beneath	beneath	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	Great	Great	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	flat	_	_
13	Britain	Britain	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present · passive |  | It |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present | substantial deposits of coal |  |  |  |  | beneath Great Britain; present *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **deposit** |  |  | coal |  |  |  |  | nom deposit «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Identify the principal reason for their formation.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:43-moving-continents-from-pangaea-to-today:e3:2
# text = Identify the principal reason for their formation.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	formation	formation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principal reason |  |  |  | for deposits's formation | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Coal forms exclusively beneath regions of cold climate

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:43-moving-continents-from-pangaea-to-today:e3:o1:1
# text = Coal forms exclusively beneath regions of cold climate
1	Coal	coal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	forms	form	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	exclusively	exclusively	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	beneath	beneath	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	regions	region	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	climate	climate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **form** | present | Coal |  |  | regions of cold climate |  | exclusively *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme beneath region=Location |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Coal was deposited by volcanic eruptions in historic times

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:43-moving-continents-from-pangaea-to-today:e3:o2:1
# text = Coal was deposited by volcanic eruptions in historic times
1	Coal	coal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	deposited	deposit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	volcanic	volcanic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	eruptions	eruption	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl:agent	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	historic	historic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **deposit** | past · passive | volcanic eruptions | Coal |  |  | time |  | vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Britain formerly lay near the equator and supported swamp forests

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:43-moving-continents-from-pangaea-to-today:e3:o3:1
# text = Britain formerly lay near the equator and supported swamp forests
1	Britain	Britain	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	formerly	formerly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	lay	lie	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	near	near	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	equator	equator	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
8	supported	support	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	amod	_	_
9	swamp	swamp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	forests	forest	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lie** | past | Britain |  |  | the equator and supported swamp forests |  | formerly *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent near equator=Location |
| 2 | **support** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Coal was transported thither by glaciers from Scandinavia

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:43-moving-continents-from-pangaea-to-today:e3:o4:1
# text = Coal was transported thither by glaciers from Scandinavia
1	Coal	coal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	transported	transport	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	thither	thither	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	glaciers	glacier	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Scandinavia	Scandinavia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **transport** | past · passive | glaciers | Coal |  | Scandinavia |  | thither *property* | vn send-11.1 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent subject=Theme from scandinavia=Initial\_Location |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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