---
title: Select the response that is consistent with the established facts co… — Moving continents: from Pangaea to today · tree and pragmatics
description: Select the response that is consistent with the established facts concerning the Atlantic Ocean. Exam question 4 of lesson 43 «Moving continents: from Pangaea to today» of the geography course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova'
---

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# Exam question 4 · Moving continents: from Pangaea to today

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Select the response that is consistent with the established facts concerning the Atlantic Ocean.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, response, established facts · **What happens:** select, be, establish, concern · **To what, where:** response, Atlantic Ocean

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 4 of lesson 43 «Moving continents: from Pangaea to today» of the geography course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/geography/43-moving-continents-from-pangaea-to-today/#e4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:43-moving-continents-from-pangaea-to-today:e4:1
# text = Select the response that is consistent with the established facts concerning the Atlantic Ocean.
1	Select	select	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	response	response	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	consistent	consistent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	acl:relcl	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	established	establish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	amod	_	_
10	facts	fact	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
11	concerning	concern	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	10	acl	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	Atlantic	Atlantic	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	Ocean	Ocean	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **select** | imperative | you *not said here* | the response |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present | the response |  |  |  |  | with the established facts; consistent *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **establish** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot |
| 4 | **concern** | gerund | the established facts *not said here* | the Atlantic Ocean |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus ocean=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is presently contracting at a rate of several metres annually as Africa advances

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:43-moving-continents-from-pangaea-to-today:e4:o1:1
# text = It is presently contracting at a rate of several metres annually as Africa advances
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	presently	presently	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	contracting	contract	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	rate	rate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	several	several	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	metres	metre	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
11	annually	annually	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
12	as	as	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	Africa	Africa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	advances	advance	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **contract** | present · progressive | It |  |  | a rate of several metres |  | as Africa advances; annually, presently *property* | vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent as advance=Attribute |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It came into existence within the last ten thousand years

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:43-moving-continents-from-pangaea-to-today:e4:o2:1
# text = It came into existence within the last ten thousand years
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	into	into	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	existence	existence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
5	within	within	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
7	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
8	ten	ten	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	9	compound	_	_
9	thousand	thousand	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
10	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | It |  |  | existence | year |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme into existence=Initial\_Location |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It began to open approximately 180 million years ago and continues to widen

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:43-moving-continents-from-pangaea-to-today:e4:o3:1
# text = It began to open approximately 180 million years ago and continues to widen
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	open	open	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	approximately	approximately	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
6	180	180	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	compound	_	_
7	million	million	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl:unmarked	_	_
9	ago	ago	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	continues	continue	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
13	widen	widen	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **begin** | past | It |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **open** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | ago *property* | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **continue** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn continue-55.3 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 4 | **widen** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is coeval with the Earth and has not altered in width

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:43-moving-continents-from-pangaea-to-today:e4:o4:1
# text = It is coeval with the Earth and has not altered in width
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	coeval	coeval	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	Earth	Earth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
8	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
9	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	10	advmod	_	_
10	altered	alter	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	3	conj	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	width	width	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | It | coeval |  |  |  | with the Earth | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **alter** | present · perfect |  |  |  | width |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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