---
title: A cartoon shows dinosaurs watching humans build a city on Pangaea. W… — Moving continents: from Pangaea to today · tree and pragmatics
description: A cartoon shows dinosaurs watching humans build a city on Pangaea. What's wrong? Test 3 · ★★★ of lesson 43 «Moving continents: from Pangaea to today» of the geography course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Test 3 · ★★★ · Moving continents: from Pangaea to today

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A cartoon shows dinosaurs watching humans build a city on Pangaea. What's wrong?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 2 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** cartoon, dinosaurs · **What happens:** show, watch, build, be · **To what, where:** humans, city, Pangaea · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 3 · ★★★ of lesson 43 «Moving continents: from Pangaea to today» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/geography/43-moving-continents-from-pangaea-to-today/#t3).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* A cartoon shows dinosaurs watching humans build a city on Pangaea.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:43-moving-continents-from-pangaea-to-today:t3:1
# text = A cartoon shows dinosaurs watching humans build a city on Pangaea.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	shows	show	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	dinosaurs	dinosaur	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
5	watching	watch	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	acl	_	_
6	humans	human	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
7	build	build	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	on	on	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	Pangaea	Pangaea	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | present | a cartoon |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **watch** | gerund | dinosaurs *not said here* | humans |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent human=Theme |
| 3 | **build** | present | dinosaurs | a city |  | Pangaea |  |  | vn base-97.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent city=Theme on pangaea=Source |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What's wrong?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:43-moving-continents-from-pangaea-to-today:t3:2
# text = What's wrong?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	3	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | wrong *property* | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dinosaurs lived only after the continents split

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:43-moving-continents-from-pangaea-to-today:t3:o1:1
# text = Dinosaurs lived only after the continents split
1	Dinosaurs	dinosaur	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	lived	live	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	only	only	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	continents	continent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
7	split	split	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | past | Dinosaurs |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **split** | past | the continents |  |  |  |  |  | vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Humans appeared only a few hundred thousand years ago, long after Pangaea

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:43-moving-continents-from-pangaea-to-today:t3:o2:1
# text = Humans appeared only a few hundred thousand years ago, long after Pangaea
1	Humans	human	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	appeared	appear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	only	only	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	few	few	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	hundred	hundred	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	compound	_	_
7	thousand	thousand	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl:unmarked	_	_
9	ago	ago	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	long	long	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	2	advmod	_	_
12	after	after	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	Pangaea	Pangaea	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **appear** | past | Humans |  |  |  |  | ago, long *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Pangaea was too cold for dinosaurs

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:43-moving-continents-from-pangaea-to-today:t3:o3:1
# text = Pangaea was too cold for dinosaurs
1	Pangaea	Pangaea	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	too	too	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	dinosaurs	dinosaur	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | Pangaea |  |  |  |  | for dinosaurs; cold *property* | tree rules |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Nothing, humans and dinosaurs lived on Pangaea together for millions of years

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:43-moving-continents-from-pangaea-to-today:t3:o4:1
# text = Nothing, humans and dinosaurs lived on Pangaea together for millions of years
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	humans	human	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	conj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	dinosaurs	dinosaur	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
6	lived	live	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Pangaea	Pangaea	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
9	together	together	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
10	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	millions	million	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | past | Nothing |  |  | Pangaea |  | for millions of years; together *property* | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on pangaea=Location |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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