---
title: What would happen to the Mediterranean if Africa kept pushing north… — Moving continents: from Pangaea to today · tree and pragmatics
description: What would happen to the Mediterranean if Africa kept pushing north for tens of millions of years? Test 6 · ★★★ of lesson 43 «Moving continents: from Pangaea to today» of the geography course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's
---

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# Test 6 · ★★★ · Moving continents: from Pangaea to today

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
What would happen to the Mediterranean if Africa kept pushing north for tens of millions of years?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 2 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** Africa · **What happens:** happen, keep, push

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 6 · ★★★ of lesson 43 «Moving continents: from Pangaea to today» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/geography/43-moving-continents-from-pangaea-to-today/#t6).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:43-moving-continents-from-pangaea-to-today:t6:1
# text = What would happen to the Mediterranean if Africa kept pushing north for tens of millions of years?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	3	nsubj	_	_
2	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	happen	happen	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	Mediterranean	Mediterranean	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
8	Africa	Africa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	kept	keep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
10	pushing	push	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	9	xcomp	_	_
11	north	north	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
12	for	for	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	tens	ten	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	millions	million	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nmod	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **happen** | would |  |  |  |  |  | to the Mediterranean | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **keep** *a condition, not said to happen* | past | Africa |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **push** | gerund | Africa *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for tens of millions of years; north *property* | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Nothing, Africa is moving south

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:43-moving-continents-from-pangaea-to-today:t6:o1:1
# text = Nothing, Africa is moving south
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
3	Africa	Africa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	moving	move	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	conj	_	_
6	south	south	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **move** | present · progressive | Africa |  |  |  |  | south *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It could close and new mountains could rise where it was

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:43-moving-continents-from-pangaea-to-today:t6:o2:1
# text = It could close and new mountains could rise where it was
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	close	close	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
5	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	mountains	mountain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
7	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	rise	rise	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
9	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	11	advmod	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **close** | could | It |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **rise** | could | new mountains |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **be** | past | it |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It would grow into a huge ocean

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:43-moving-continents-from-pangaea-to-today:t6:o3:1
# text = It would grow into a huge ocean
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	grow	grow	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	into	into	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	huge	huge	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	ocean	ocean	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | would | It |  |  |  |  | into a huge ocean *result* | vn become-109.1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient into ocean=Result |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It would turn into a desert by next century, as the Sahara spreads north

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:43-moving-continents-from-pangaea-to-today:t6:o4:1
# text = It would turn into a desert by next century, as the Sahara spreads north
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	turn	turn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	into	into	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	desert	desert	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	next	next	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	century	century	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	Sahara	Sahara	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
14	spreads	spread	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
15	north	north	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | would | It |  |  | a desert | century |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme into desert=Trajectory |
| 2 | **spread** | present | the Sahara |  |  |  |  | north *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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