---
title: It is given that the magma chamber of a volcano has been evacuated b… — Volcanoes: how and where · tree and pragmatics
description: It is given that the magma chamber of a volcano has been evacuated by a major eruption. Ascertain the probable consequence for the overlying ground. Exam question 4 of lesson 46 «Volcanoes: how and where» of the geography course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of th
---

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# Exam question 4 · Volcanoes: how and where

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is given that the magma chamber of a volcano has been evacuated by a major eruption. Ascertain the probable consequence for the overlying ground.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 4 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** major eruption, you · **What happens:** give, evacuate, ascertain · **To what, where:** It, magma chamber, probable consequence

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This is exam question 4 of lesson 46 «Volcanoes: how and where» of the geography course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/geography/46-volcanoes-how-and-where/#e4).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* It is given that the magma chamber of a volcano has been evacuated by a major eruption.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:46-volcanoes-how-and-where:e4:1
# text = It is given that the magma chamber of a volcano has been evacuated by a major eruption.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	magma	magma	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	chamber	chamber	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj:pass	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	volcano	volcano	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
11	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
12	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	13	aux:pass	_	_
13	evacuated	evacuate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	advcl	_	_
14	by	by	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	major	major	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	eruption	eruption	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present · passive |  | It |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **evacuate** | present · perfect · passive | a major eruption | the magma chamber of a volcano |  |  |  |  | vn banish-10.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Ascertain the probable consequence for the overlying ground.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:46-volcanoes-how-and-where:e4:2
# text = Ascertain the probable consequence for the overlying ground.
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	probable	probable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	consequence	consequence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	overlying	overlying	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ascertain** | imperative | you *not said here* | the probable consequence |  |  |  | for the overlying ground | vn ensure-99 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Precondition consequence=Theme for ground=Beneficiary |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Its elevation to form a new stratovolcano

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:46-volcanoes-how-and-where:e4:o1:1
# text = Its elevation to form a new stratovolcano
1	Its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	elevation	elevation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	form	form	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	stratovolcano	stratovolcano	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **form** | to-infinitive | Its elevation | a new stratovolcano |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location stratovolcano=Theme |
| 2 | **elevate** |  | Its *= it* |  |  |  |  |  | nom elevation «event transitive»: poss=agent |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Its separation from the plate as a hotspot

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:46-volcanoes-how-and-where:e4:o2:1
# text = Its separation from the plate as a hotspot
1	Its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	separation	separation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	plate	plate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	as	as	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	hotspot	hotspot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **separate** |  | Its *= it* |  |  | the plate |  | as a hotspot | nom separation «state intransitive»: poss=agent from=place as=obl |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Its conversion to a mid-ocean ridge

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:46-volcanoes-how-and-where:e4:o3:1
# text = Its conversion to a mid-ocean ridge
1	Its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	conversion	conversion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	mid-ocean	mid-ocean	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	ridge	ridge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **convert** |  | Its *= it* |  |  |  |  | to a mid-ocean ridge | nom conversion «event transitive»: poss=agent to=obl |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Its collapse to form a caldera

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:46-volcanoes-how-and-where:e4:o4:1
# text = Its collapse to form a caldera
1	Its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	collapse	collapse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	form	form	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	caldera	caldera	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **form** | to-infinitive | Its collapse | a caldera |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location caldera=Theme |
| 2 | **collapse** |  | Its *= it* |  |  |  |  |  | nom collapse «state intransitive»: poss=agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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