---
title: Identify the principal reason for which gold has been esteemed acros… — Gemstones and precious metals · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the principal reason for which gold has been esteemed across several millennia. Exam question 1 of lesson 51 «Gemstones and precious metals» of the geography course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Exam question 1 · Gemstones and precious metals

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the principal reason for which gold has been esteemed across several millennia.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** you · **What happens:** identify, esteem · **To what, where:** principal reason, gold, several millennia

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 51 «Gemstones and precious metals» of the geography course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/geography/51-gemstones-and-precious-metals/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:51-gemstones-and-precious-metals:e1:1
# text = Identify the principal reason for which gold has been esteemed across several millennia.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	obl	_	_
7	gold	gold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj:pass	_	_
8	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
9	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	esteemed	esteem	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl:relcl	_	_
11	across	across	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	several	several	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	millennia	millennia	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principal reason |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme |
| 2 | **esteem** | present · perfect · passive |  | gold |  | several millennia |  | for the principal reason | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Stimulus for which=Attribute |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is resistant to corrosion and sufficiently malleable to be worked

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:51-gemstones-and-precious-metals:e1:o1:1
# text = It is resistant to corrosion and sufficiently malleable to be worked
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	resistant	resistant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	corrosion	corrosion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	sufficiently	sufficiently	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	malleable	malleable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
10	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	aux:pass	_	_
11	worked	work	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | It |  |  |  |  | to corrosion; resistant *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  |  |  |  |  |  | sufficiently *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **work** | to-infinitive · passive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn employment-95.3 «NP V» |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is the hardest substance hitherto discovered by mineralogists

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:51-gemstones-and-precious-metals:e1:o2:1
# text = It is the hardest substance hitherto discovered by mineralogists
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	hardest	hard	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	5	amod	_	_
5	substance	substance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	hitherto	hitherto	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	discovered	discover	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
8	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	mineralogists	mineralogist	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | It | the hardest substance |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **discover** | participle |  | the hardest substance *not said here* |  |  |  | by mineralogists; hitherto *property* | vn discover-84-1 «NP V PP.topic S\_ING»: agent=Agent |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is the most abundant metal in the Earth's crust

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:51-gemstones-and-precious-metals:e1:o3:1
# text = It is the most abundant metal in the Earth's crust
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
4	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	5	advmod	_	_
5	abundant	abundant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	metal	metal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	Earth	Earth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	's	's	PART	POS	_	9	case	_	_
11	crust	crust	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | It | the abundant metal |  | the Earth's crust |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It emits light of its own accord

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:51-gemstones-and-precious-metals:e1:o4:1
# text = It emits light of its own accord
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	emits	emit	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
6	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	accord	accord	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **emit** | present | It | light of light's own accord |  |  |  |  | vn substance\_emission-43.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Source light=Theme |
| 2 | **light** |  |  | light's own accord |  |  |  |  | nom light «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Gemstones and precious metals, test 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/51-gemstones-and-precious-metals/t11/)
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