--- title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises rubi… — Gemstones and precious metals · tree and pragmatics description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises rubies and sapphires? Exam question 3 of lesson 51 «Gemstones and precious metals» of the geography course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/51-gemstones-and-precious-metals/e3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Geography](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/) / [Gemstones and precious metals](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/51-gemstones-and-precious-metals/) / e3 # Exam question 3 · Gemstones and precious metals Which of the following statements most accurately characterises rubies and sapphires? **Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 1 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris · **To what, where:** rubies This is exam question 3 of lesson 51 «Gemstones and precious metals» of the geography course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/geography/51-gemstones-and-precious-metals/#e3). ## The question {#question} ```conllu # sent_id = question:geography:51-gemstones-and-precious-metals:e3:1 # text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises rubies and sapphires? 1 Which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 8 nsubj _ _ 2 of of ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 4 following follow VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 5 amod _ _ 5 statements statement NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 obl _ _ 6 most most ADV RBS Degree=Sup 7 advmod _ _ 7 accurately accurately ADV RB _ 8 advmod _ _ 8 characterises characteris VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 9 rubies ruby NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 obj _ _ 10 and and CCONJ CC _ 11 cc _ _ 11 sapphires sapphire NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 12 ? ? PUNCT . _ 8 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **follow** | gerund | | | | | | | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **characteris** | present | | rubies and sapphires | | | | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 · ✓ the right answer {#o1} Both are varieties of corundum, distinguished by trace elements ```conllu # sent_id = question:geography:51-gemstones-and-precious-metals:e3:o1:1 # text = Both are varieties of corundum, distinguished by trace elements 1 Both both DET DT PronType=Tot 3 det _ _ 2 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 cop _ _ 3 varieties variety NOUN NNS Number=Plur 0 root _ _ 4 of of ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 corundum corundum NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 6 , , PUNCT , _ 7 punct _ _ 7 distinguished distinguish VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 3 acl _ _ 8 by by ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 9 trace trace NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 compound _ _ 10 elements element NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | | both varieties | | | | of corundum | tree rules | | 2 | **distinguish** | participle | | both varieties *not said here* | | | | by trace elements | vn distinguish-23.5-1 «NP V NP.theme PP.attribute»: agent=Agent by element=Attribute | ### Option 2 {#o2} Both are varieties of beryl, distinguished by their age and depth ```conllu # sent_id = question:geography:51-gemstones-and-precious-metals:e3:o2:1 # text = Both are varieties of beryl, distinguished by their age and depth 1 Both both DET DT PronType=Tot 3 det _ _ 2 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 cop _ _ 3 varieties variety NOUN NNS Number=Plur 0 root _ _ 4 of of ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 beryl beryl NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 6 , , PUNCT , _ 7 punct _ _ 7 distinguished distinguish VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 3 acl _ _ 8 by by ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 9 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 10 nmod:poss _ _ 10 age age NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obl _ _ 11 and and CCONJ CC _ 12 cc _ _ 12 depth depth NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 conj _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | | both varieties | | | | of beryl | tree rules | | 2 | **distinguish** | participle | | both varieties *not said here* | | | by varieties's age and depth | | vn distinguish-23.5-1 «NP V NP.theme PP.attribute»: agent=Agent by age=Attribute | ### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice {#o3} Rubies are organic and sapphires mineral ```conllu # sent_id = question:geography:51-gemstones-and-precious-metals:e3:o3:1 # text = Rubies are organic and sapphires mineral 1 Rubies ruby NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 2 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 cop _ _ 3 organic organic ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _ 4 and and CCONJ CC _ 6 cc _ _ 5 sapphires sapphire NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 compound _ _ 6 mineral mineral NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 conj _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | present | Rubies | | | | | organic *property* | tree rules | ### Option 4 {#o4} Sapphires are artificial and rubies natural ```conllu # sent_id = question:geography:51-gemstones-and-precious-metals:e3:o4:1 # text = Sapphires are artificial and rubies natural 1 Sapphires sapphire NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 2 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 cop _ _ 3 artificial artificial ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _ 4 and and CCONJ CC _ 6 cc _ _ 5 rubies ruby NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 nsubj _ _ 6 natural natural ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 conj _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | present | Sapphires | | | | | artificial *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **be** | | rubies | | | | | | tree rules | **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License. - ← previous: [Gemstones and precious metals, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/51-gemstones-and-precious-metals/e2/) - next →: [Gemstones and precious metals, exam 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/51-gemstones-and-precious-metals/e4/) - ↑ back to [Gemstones and precious metals](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/51-gemstones-and-precious-metals/)