---
title: Lily: "the rock got broken by frost and then the stream took the bit… — Weathering and erosion · tree and pragmatics
description: Lily: "the rock got broken by frost and then the stream took the bits — that's all weathering." What should she change? Test 10 of lesson 52 «Weathering and erosion» of the geography course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's c
---

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# Test 10 · Weathering and erosion

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lily: "the rock got broken by frost and then the stream took the bits — that's all weathering." What should she change?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** frost, stream, that · **What happens:** break, take, be, change · **To what, where:** Lily, bits, weathering

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 10 of lesson 52 «Weathering and erosion» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/geography/52-weathering-and-erosion/#t10).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Lily: "the rock got broken by frost and then the stream took the bits — that's all weathering."

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:52-weathering-and-erosion:t10:1
# text = Lily: "the rock got broken by frost and then the stream took the bits — that's all weathering."
1	Lily	Lily	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
3	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	rock	rock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
6	got	get	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	broken	break	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	frost	frost	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
11	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	14	advmod	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	stream	stream	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
14	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	bits	bit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obj	_	_
17	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	21	punct	_	_
18	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	21	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	cop	_	_
20	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	21	det	_	_
21	weathering	weathering	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **break** *in a quote* | past · passive | frost | Lily |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer subject=Patient |
| 2 | **take** *in a quote* | past | the stream | the bits |  |  | then |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bit=Theme |
| 3 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | that | all weathering |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What should she change?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:52-weathering-and-erosion:t10:2
# text = What should she change?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	4	obj	_	_
2	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	change	change	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **change** | should | stream |  |  |  |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Patient |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The frost part is erosion too

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:52-weathering-and-erosion:t10:o1:1
# text = The frost part is erosion too
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	frost	frost	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	erosion	erosion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	too	too	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the frost part | erosion |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Neither part is weathering nor erosion

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:52-weathering-and-erosion:t10:o2:1
# text = Neither part is weathering nor erosion
1	Neither	neither	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	2	det	_	_
2	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	weathering	weather	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	nor	nor	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	6	cc	_	_
6	erosion	erosion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **weather** | present · progressive | neither part |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Streams only drop rocks, never carry them

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:52-weathering-and-erosion:t10:o3:1
# text = Streams only drop rocks, never carry them
1	Streams	stream	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	only	only	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	drop	drop	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	rocks	rock	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
7	carry	carry	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
8	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drop** | present | Streams | rocks |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rock=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **carry** | infinitive | Streams *not said here* | rocks *= rock* |  |  |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The stream taking the bits is erosion

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:52-weathering-and-erosion:t10:o4:1
# text = The stream taking the bits is erosion
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	stream	stream	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	taking	take	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	acl	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	bits	bit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	erosion	erosion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | gerund | the stream *not said here* | the bits |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bit=Theme |
| 2 | **is a** | present | the stream | erosion |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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