---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Coasts and caves · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the sequence of features produced by the erosion of a headland? Exam question 2 of lesson 55 «Coasts and caves» of the geography course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option
---

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# Exam question 2 · Coasts and caves

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the sequence of features produced by the erosion of a headland?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris, produce, erode · **To what, where:** sequence, features, headland

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 55 «Coasts and caves» of the geography course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/geography/55-coasts-and-caves/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:55-coasts-and-caves:e2:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the sequence of features produced by the erosion of a headland?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	sequence	sequence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	features	feature	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	_
13	produced	produce	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	acl	_	_
14	by	by	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	erosion	erosion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	headland	headland	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the sequence of features |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **produce** | participle |  | features *not said here* |  |  |  | by the erosion of a headland | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **erode** |  |  | a headland |  |  |  |  | nom erosion «process transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Stack, arch and subsequently cave

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:55-coasts-and-caves:e2:o1:1
# text = Stack, arch and subsequently cave
1	Stack	stack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	arch	arch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
5	subsequently	subsequently	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	cave	cave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Spit, bay and subsequently cave

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:55-coasts-and-caves:e2:o2:1
# text = Spit, bay and subsequently cave
1	Spit	spit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	bay	bay	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
5	subsequently	subsequently	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	cave	cave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Arch, spit and subsequently stack

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:55-coasts-and-caves:e2:o3:1
# text = Arch, spit and subsequently stack
1	Arch	arch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	spit	spit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
5	subsequently	subsequently	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	stack	stack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cave, arch and subsequently stack

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:55-coasts-and-caves:e2:o4:1
# text = Cave, arch and subsequently stack
1	Cave	cave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	arch	arch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
5	subsequently	subsequently	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	stack	stack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Coasts and caves, exam 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/55-coasts-and-caves/e1/)
- next →: [Coasts and caves, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/55-coasts-and-caves/e3/)
- ↑ back to [Coasts and caves](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/55-coasts-and-caves/)