---
title: "caves r always made by waves, right" — Oli. Correct him. — Coasts and caves · tree and pragmatics
description: "caves r always made by waves, right" — Oli. Correct him. Test 10 of lesson 55 «Coasts and caves» of the geography course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Test 10 · Coasts and caves

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"caves r always made by waves, right" — Oli. Correct him.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** waves, you · **What happens:** make, correct · **To what, where:** caves, Oli

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 10 of lesson 55 «Coasts and caves» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/geography/55-coasts-and-caves/#t10).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* "caves r always made by waves, right" — Oli.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:55-coasts-and-caves:t10:1
# text = "caves r always made by waves, right" — Oli.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	caves	cave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	r	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
4	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	5	advmod	_	_
5	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	waves	wave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl:agent	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	9	punct	_	_
11	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
12	Oli	Oli	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** *in a quote* | present · passive | waves  Oli | caves |  |  |  | always *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset subject=Product |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Correct him.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:55-coasts-and-caves:t10:2
# text = Correct him.
1	Correct	correct	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **correct** *speech: disagree* | imperative | you *not said here* |  | Oli |  |  |  | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent he=Patient |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No, caves are all dug by animals

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:55-coasts-and-caves:t10:o1:1
# text = No, caves are all dug by animals
1	No	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	6	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	caves	cave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
5	all	all	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	dug	dig	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dig** | present · passive |  | caves |  |  |  | all *property* | vn create-26.4-1-1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP»: subject=Beneficiary animal=Result |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No, caves are all made by earthquakes

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:55-coasts-and-caves:t10:o2:1
# text = No, caves are all made by earthquakes
1	No	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	6	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	caves	cave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
5	all	all	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	earthquakes	earthquake	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present · passive | earthquakes | caves |  |  |  | all *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset subject=Product |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Many big caves form inland, where rain dissolves limestone

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:55-coasts-and-caves:t10:o3:1
# text = Many big caves form inland, where rain dissolves limestone
1	Many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
2	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	caves	cave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	form	form	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	inland	inland	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	9	advmod	_	_
8	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	dissolves	dissolve	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
10	limestone	limestone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **form** | present | Many big caves |  |  |  |  | inland *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **dissolve** | present | rain | limestone |  |  |  |  | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent limestone=Patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, every cave is made by waves, even ones far from the sea

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:55-coasts-and-caves:t10:o4:1
# text = Yes, every cave is made by waves, even ones far from the sea
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	6	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	4	det	_	_
4	cave	cave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	waves	wave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl:agent	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	even	even	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	ones	one	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	conj	_	_
12	far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	11	advmod	_	_
13	from	from	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present · passive | waves and ones | every cave |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset subject=Product |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Coasts and caves, test 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/55-coasts-and-caves/t9/)
- next →: [Coasts and caves, test 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/55-coasts-and-caves/t11/)
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