--- title: Why is the Caspian salty even though fresh rivers flow into it? — Islands, seas and lakes · tree and pragmatics description: Why is the Caspian salty even though fresh rivers flow into it? Test 5 · ★ of lesson 6 «Islands, seas and lakes» of the geography course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/6-islands-seas-and-lakes/t5/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Geography](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/) / [Islands, seas and lakes](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/6-islands-seas-and-lakes/) / t5 # Test 5 · ★ · Islands, seas and lakes Why is the Caspian salty even though fresh rivers flow into it? **Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 3 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** Caspian salty, fresh rivers · **What happens:** be, flow · **To what, where:** Caspian salty, salty This is test 5 · ★ of lesson 6 «Islands, seas and lakes» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/geography/6-islands-seas-and-lakes/#t5). ## The question {#question} ```conllu # sent_id = question:geography:6-islands-seas-and-lakes:t5:1 # text = Why is the Caspian salty even though fresh rivers flow into it? 1 Why why ADV WRB PronType=Rel 0 root _ _ 2 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 1 cop _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 4 Caspian Caspian PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 compound _ _ 5 salty salty NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 nsubj _ _ 6 even even ADV RB _ 10 advmod _ _ 7 though though SCONJ IN _ 10 mark _ _ 8 fresh fresh ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 amod _ _ 9 rivers river NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 nsubj _ _ 10 flow flow VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 acl:relcl _ _ 11 into into ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 12 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 13 ? ? PUNCT . _ 1 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | present | the Caspian salty | | | | | why *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **flow** | present | fresh rivers | the Caspian salty *not said here* | | salty | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location salty=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 {#o1} The Volga is a salty river ```conllu # sent_id = question:geography:6-islands-seas-and-lakes:t5:o1:1 # text = The Volga is a salty river 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 Volga Volga PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ _ 3 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 cop _ _ 4 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 5 salty salty ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 6 river river NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | the Volga | a salty river | | | | | tree rules | ### Option 2 {#o2} The ocean flows into it secretly under the ground ```conllu # sent_id = question:geography:6-islands-seas-and-lakes:t5:o2:1 # text = The ocean flows into it secretly under the ground 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 ocean ocean NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 flows flow VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 into into ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 obl _ _ 6 secretly secretly ADV RB _ 3 advmod _ _ 7 under under ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 ground ground NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **flow** | present | the ocean | | | it | | under the ground; secretly *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme under ground=Location | ### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o3} Water leaves only by evaporation, leaving the salt behind ```conllu # sent_id = question:geography:6-islands-seas-and-lakes:t5:o3:1 # text = Water leaves only by evaporation, leaving the salt behind 1 Water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ _ 2 leaves leave VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 only only ADV RB _ 5 advmod _ _ 4 by by ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 evaporation evaporation NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 6 , , PUNCT , _ 7 punct _ _ 7 leaving leave VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 2 advcl _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 salt salt NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obj _ _ 10 behind behind ADV RB _ 7 advmod _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **leave** | present | Water | evaporation | | | | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent evaporation=Theme | | 2 | **leave** | gerund | Water *not said here* | the salt | | | | behind *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent salt=Theme | ### Option 4 {#o4} Salt mines on the shore keep falling into the water ```conllu # sent_id = question:geography:6-islands-seas-and-lakes:t5:o4:1 # text = Salt mines on the shore keep falling into the water 1 Salt salt NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 compound _ _ 2 mines mine NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 nsubj _ _ 3 on on ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 shore shore NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 nmod _ _ 6 keep keep VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 7 falling fall VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 6 xcomp _ _ 8 into into ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **keep** | present | Salt mines on the shore | | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **fall** | gerund | Salt mines on the shore *not said here* | | | | | into the water *result* | vn become-109.1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient into water=Result | **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License. - ← previous: [Islands, seas and lakes, test 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/6-islands-seas-and-lakes/t4/) - next →: [Islands, seas and lakes, test 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/6-islands-seas-and-lakes/t6/) - ↑ back to [Islands, seas and lakes](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/6-islands-seas-and-lakes/)