--- title: A friend says the Sahara has always been a desert. What do rock pain… — The map of the Just So Stories: from t… · tree and pragmatics description: A friend says the Sahara has always been a desert. What do rock paintings of swimmers and cattle show? Test 4 · ★★ of lesson 61 «The map of the Just So Stories: from the North Atlantic to the Limpopo, the Amazon and Surrey» of the geography course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree a --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/61-the-map-of-the-just-so-stories-from-the-north-atlantic-to-the-limpopo-and-surrey/t4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Geography](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/) / [The map of the Just So Stories: from t…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/61-the-map-of-the-just-so-stories-from-the-north-atlantic-to-the-limpopo-and-surrey/) / t4 # Test 4 · ★★ · The map of the Just So Stories: from the North Atlantic to… A friend says the Sahara has always been a desert. What do rock paintings of swimmers and cattle show? **Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 4 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** friend, Sahara, rock paintings · **What happens:** say, have, be, show · **To what, where:** desert · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is test 4 · ★★ of lesson 61 «The map of the Just So Stories: from the North Atlantic to the Limpopo, the Amazon and Surrey» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/geography/61-the-map-of-the-just-so-stories-from-the-north-atlantic-to-the-limpopo-and-surrey/#t4). ## The question {#question} *Sentence 1:* A friend says the Sahara has always been a desert. ```conllu # sent_id = question:geography:61-the-map-of-the-just-so-stories-from-the-north-atlantic-to-the-limpopo-and-surrey:t4:1 # text = A friend says the Sahara has always been a desert. 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 friend friend NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 says say VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 Sahara Sahara PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ _ 6 has have VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 ccomp _ _ 7 always always ADV RB PronType=Tot 10 advmod _ _ 8 been be AUX VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 10 cop _ _ 9 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 desert desert NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 11 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | a friend | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **have** | present | the Sahara | | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **is a** | participle | | a desert | | | | always *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. *Sentence 2:* What do rock paintings of swimmers and cattle show? ```conllu # sent_id = question:geography:61-the-map-of-the-just-so-stories-from-the-north-atlantic-to-the-limpopo-and-surrey:t4:2 # text = What do rock paintings of swimmers and cattle show? 1 What what PRON WP PronType=Int 9 obj _ _ 2 do do AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 aux _ _ 3 rock rock NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 compound _ _ 4 paintings painting NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 nsubj _ _ 5 of of ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 swimmers swimmer NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nmod _ _ 7 and and CCONJ CC _ 8 cc _ _ 8 cattle cattle NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 conj _ _ 9 show show VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No 10 ? ? PUNCT . _ 9 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **show** | present | rock paintings of swimmers and cattle | | | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent what=Recipient | ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 {#o1} People swam in the sand in the old days ```conllu # sent_id = question:geography:61-the-map-of-the-just-so-stories-from-the-north-atlantic-to-the-limpopo-and-surrey:t4:o1:1 # text = People swam in the sand in the old days 1 People people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ _ 2 swam swim VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 in in ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 sand sand NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl _ _ 6 in in ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 8 old old ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 amod _ _ 9 days day NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **swim** | past | People | | | the sand | day | | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in sand=Trajectory | ### Option 2 {#o2} It was always an icy desert, just like Antarctica is now ```conllu # sent_id = question:geography:61-the-map-of-the-just-so-stories-from-the-north-atlantic-to-the-limpopo-and-surrey:t4:o2:1 # text = It was always an icy desert, just like Antarctica is now 1 It it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 6 nsubj _ _ 2 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 6 cop _ _ 3 always always ADV RB PronType=Tot 6 advmod _ _ 4 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 5 icy icy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 6 desert desert NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No 7 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 8 just just ADV RB _ 10 advmod _ _ 9 like like ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 10 Antarctica Antarctica PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 parataxis _ _ 11 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 12 cop _ _ 12 now now ADV RB PronType=Dem 6 conj _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | past | It | a icy desert | | | | always *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **is** | present | | | | | | now *property* | tree rules | ### Option 3 {#o3} People painted things they saw only in their dreams ```conllu # sent_id = question:geography:61-the-map-of-the-just-so-stories-from-the-north-atlantic-to-the-limpopo-and-surrey:t4:o3:1 # text = People painted things they saw only in their dreams 1 People people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ _ 2 painted paint VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 things thing NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obj _ _ 4 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 nsubj _ _ 5 saw see VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 acl:relcl _ _ 6 only only ADV RB _ 9 advmod _ _ 7 in in ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 8 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 9 nmod:poss _ _ 9 dreams dream NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **paint** | past | People | things | | People's dreams | | | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.theme PP.destination»: agent=Agent thing=Theme in dream=Destination | | 2 | **see** | past | People | things *not said here* | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer thing=Stimulus | | 3 | **dream** | | People | | | | | | nom dream «cognition transitive»: poss=agent | ### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o4} It was green with lakes about 5,000 to 11,000 years ago ```conllu # sent_id = question:geography:61-the-map-of-the-just-so-stories-from-the-north-atlantic-to-the-limpopo-and-surrey:t4:o4:1 # text = It was green with lakes about 5,000 to 11,000 years ago 1 It it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 2 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 cop _ _ 3 green green ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _ 4 with with ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 lakes lake NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obl _ _ 6 about about ADV RB _ 7 advmod _ _ 7 5,000 5000 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 10 nummod _ _ 8 to to ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 9 11,000 11,000 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 7 nmod _ _ 10 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nmod _ _ 11 ago ago ADV RB _ 10 advmod _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | past | It | | | | | with lakes 5,000 years; green *property* | tree rules | **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License. - ← previous: [The map of the Just So Stories: from t…, test 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/61-the-map-of-the-just-so-stories-from-the-north-atlantic-to-the-limpopo-and-surrey/t3/) - next →: [The map of the Just So Stories: from t…, test 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/61-the-map-of-the-just-so-stories-from-the-north-atlantic-to-the-limpopo-and-surrey/t5/) - ↑ back to [The map of the Just So Stories: from the North Atlantic to the Limpopo, the Amazon and Surrey](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/61-the-map-of-the-just-so-stories-from-the-north-atlantic-to-the-limpopo-and-surrey/)