---
title: Why do many US places, such as Los Angeles and San Francisco, have S… — The United States · tree and pragmatics
description: Why do many US places, such as Los Angeles and San Francisco, have Spanish names? Test 5 · ★★ of lesson 9 «The United States» of the geography course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/9-the-united-states/t5/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Geography](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/) / [The United States](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/9-the-united-states/) / t5

# Test 5 · ★★ · The United States

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Why do many US places, such as Los Angeles and San Francisco, have Spanish names?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 4 · right ✓ · **What happens:** do, have · **To what, where:** many US places, Spanish names

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 5 · ★★ of lesson 9 «The United States» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/geography/9-the-united-states/#t5).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:9-the-united-states:t5:1
# text = Why do many US places, such as Los Angeles and San Francisco, have Spanish names?
1	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	2	advmod	_	_
2	do	do	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	advcl	_	_
3	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
4	US	US	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	places	place	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	9	case	_	_
8	as	as	ADP	IN	_	7	fixed	_	_
9	Los	Los	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
10	Angeles	Angeles	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	flat	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	San	San	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
13	Francisco	Francisco	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
16	Spanish	Spanish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	names	name	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | present |  | many US places |  |  |  | such Los and San | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent place=Eventuality |
| 2 | **have** | present |  | Spanish names |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent name=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The names were chosen in 1959

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:9-the-united-states:t5:o1:1
# text = The names were chosen in 1959
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	names	name	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	chosen	choose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	1959	1959	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **choose** | past · passive |  | the names |  | 1959 |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They were named by Columbus

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:9-the-united-states:t5:o2:1
# text = They were named by Columbus
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	named	name	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Columbus	Columbus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **name** | past · passive | Columbus | They |  |  |  |  | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Spanish was the language of the 13 colonies

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:9-the-united-states:t5:o3:1
# text = Spanish was the language of the 13 colonies
1	Spanish	Spanish	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	language	language	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	13	13	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	colonies	colony	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | Spanish | the language |  |  |  | of the 13 colonies | tree rules |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Spain and then Mexico ruled those lands first

```conllu
# sent_id = question:geography:9-the-united-states:t5:o4:1
# text = Spain and then Mexico ruled those lands first
1	Spain	Spain	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
3	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	_
4	Mexico	Mexico	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
5	ruled	rule	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	those	that	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	7	det	_	_
7	lands	land	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
8	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	5	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rule** | past | Spain and Mexico | that lands |  |  |  | first *property* | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent land=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [The United States, test 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/9-the-united-states/t4/)
- next →: [The United States, test 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/9-the-united-states/t6/)
- ↑ back to [The United States](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/9-the-united-states/)